| Term | Definition |
|---|
| the study of human speech sounds | phonetics |
| unit of a single identified speech sound | phone |
| study of speech sounds within a language system | phonology |
| unit of speech that distinguishes meaning in a language system (abstract representation) | phoneme |
| physical realization of a phoneme | allophone |
| differ in meaning due to one segment, bit, bet | minimal pair |
| allophones occur according to specific phonological conditions | complementary distribution |
| phonetic transcription with perfect one-to-one relationship | advantage of IPA |
| allophones occur alternately regardless of their phonological environment | free variation |
| each phoneme must differ from another in at least one characteristic | contrastive function |
| the exact description of the phonetic characteristics of a sound | descriptive function |
| not predictable from the phonological environment, have to be memorized by the speaker | distinctive characteristics |
| predictable from the phonological environment, speaker learns the rule as part of the phoneme, not memorized | redundant characteristics |
| no discernable obstruction of airflow, sonorant, continuent, kann Betonung tragen | Vokale |
| distance of the tongue from the gums | high |
| lips round or not | round |
| vocal tract tense or not | tense |
| tongue back from neutral position | back |
| looking for regularities to help define language's inventory of phonological elements, determining patterns in their distribution, investigating alternations in the shapes of morphemes | generative phonology aims |
| constant obstruction of airflow in the vocal tract | continuant |
| spontan stimmhafter Laut | sonorant |
| obstruction of the air flow in front of the palato-aveolar region | anterior |
| tip of the tongue higher than neutral position | coronal |
Combine with other sets
Share on Facebook
Share on MySpace