Chapter 16
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Created by:
applesNbananas on March 7, 2012
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19 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Christopher Columbus | Italian navigator who discovered the New World in the service of Spain while looking for a route to the east (1451-1506) |
| British East India Company | A joint stock company that controlled most of India during the period of imperialism. This company controlled the political, social, and economic life in India for more than 200 years. |
| world economy | Established by Europeans by the late 16th century; based on control of seas including the Atlantic and Pacific; created an international exchange of foods, diseases, and manufactured products. |
| core nations | Nations, usually European, that profited from the world economy; controlled international banking and commercial services; exported manufactured goods and imported raw materials. |
| dependent economic zones | Regions within the world economy that produced raw materials; dependent on European markets and shipping; tendency to build systems based on forced and cheap labor (ex. Brazil) |
| coercive labor systems | people are considered to be the property of others and serve them, included slavery, indentured servitude, serfdom, and other coercive labor systems in the Americas |
| Vasco de Balboa | Spanish explorer who became the first European to see the Pacific Ocean in 1510 while exploring Panama |
| Columbian exchange | The exchange of plants, animals, diseases, and technologies between the Americas and the rest of the world following Columbus's voyages. |
| cape colony | Dutch colony established at Cape of Good Hope in 1652 initially to provide a coastal station for the Dutch seaborne empire; by 1770 settlements had expanded sufficiently to come into conflict with Bantus. |
| cape of good hope | Southern tip of Africa; first circumnavigated in 1488 by Portuguese in search of direct route to India. |
| calcutta | Headquarters of British East India Company in Bengal in Indian subcontinent; located on Ganges; captured in 1756 during early part of Seven Years' War; later became administrative center for all of Bengal. |
| Ferdinand Magellan | (1480?-1521) Portuguese-born navigator. Hired by Spain to sail to the Indies in 1519. killed in the Philippines (1521). One of his ships returned to Spain (1522), thereby completing the first circumnavigation of the globe. |
| Treaty of Paris | this ended the long conflict between Britain & France (7 years' war) and ended French power in North America (1763) |
| battle of lepanto | (1571) Spain defeated the Turkish navy off the coast of Greece-ended Ottoman threat in Mediterranean, Turkish sea power was destroyed in 1571 by a league of Christian nations organized by the Pope |
| Boer | Name for the Dutch who were the first European settlers in South Africa |
| Mestizos | People of mixed European and Indian ancestry in Mesoamerica and South America; particularly prevalent in areas colonized by Spain; often part of forced labor system. |
| Francisco Pizarro | Spanish explorer who conquered the Incas in what is now Peru and founded the city of Lima (1475-1541) |
| New France | French colonies in North America; extended from St. Lawrence River along Great Lakes and down Mississippi River valley system. |
| Atlantic Colonies | British colonies in North America; originally restricted to the coastline of the Atlantic Ocean from New England to Georgia. |
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