Abeka 10th Grade Biology Review Chapters 13-18
About this set
Created by:
kk167 on March 7, 2012
Subjects:
Abeka Biology, Biology, Science
Description:
This set is designed to help the student prepare for the Abeka 10th Grade Biology : God's Living Creation nine-week exam over Chapters 13-18.
Classes:
Mass Instruction, ★★★The Ultimate Study+Chat★★★, Abeka Biology Students, Abeka Kids Network 2
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168 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 animals | living organisms that move from place to place primarily to obtain food |
| motile | capable of motion |
| sessile | attached to one location |
| bilateral symmetry | symmetry in which the two halves of an organism are virtually identical |
| asymmetrical | without symmetry |
| vertebrates | animals with a backbone |
| gizzard | muscular organ in birds that grinds food |
| invertebrates | animals without a backbone |
| endoskeleton | internal skeleton |
| tetrapods | animals with four appendages |
| mammary glands | cells that produce milk |
| homeothermic | term for "maintaining the same temperature" |
| blastula | a hollow sphere of cells |
| placenta | connects the embryo to the uterus |
| amniotic fluid | fluid that surrounds and protects the embryo |
| fetus | stage in development when the embryo can be recognized as a young individual |
| gestation period | period of growth from fertilization to birth |
| umbilical cord | connects the fetus to the placenta |
| viviparous mammals | mammals that bear their young alive |
| oviparous mammals | mammals that lay eggs |
| elephants | the largest living land animals |
| tusks | enlarged incisor teeth (such as in elephants) |
| mammals | animals that are warm-blooded; have hair, mammary glands, and a four-chambered heart; and breathe by means of lungs |
| echidna and duck-billed platypus | the only oviparous mammals |
| ai (three-toed sloth) | the slowest land mammal |
| diurnal | active during the day |
| nocturnal | active at night |
| marsupials | pouched mammals |
| marsupium | abdominal pouch |
| kangaroo | the largest living marsupial |
| insectivorous | means "insect-eating" |
| insectivores | shrews, moles, and hedgehogs |
| pygmy shrew | the smallest mammal |
| bat | longest-hibernating mammal |
| blue whale | the largest animal |
| spermaceti | waxy substance found on sperm whales' heads |
| ambergris | waxy substance found in a sperm whale's intestines |
| apes | primates without tails |
| hoofs | enlarged and thickened toenails |
| extinct | means "no longer found alive on the earth" |
| ornithologists | zoologists who study birds |
| bipedal | two-footed |
| game birds | birds that are hunted |
| flightless birds | birds that cannot fly |
| tropical birds | birds living in tropical forests |
| flight feathers | contour feathers that help a bird to fly |
| down feathers | soft, fluffy feathers that insulate the bird's body |
| materialism | the false idea that the universe consists of nothing but matter and energy |
| contour feathers | strong feathers on the bird's body, wings, and tail |
| nictitating membrane | transparent membrane over a bird's eye |
| cloaca | area in birds that prepares waste for elimination |
| bursa of Fabricius | area in birds that produces lymphocytes |
| syrinx | a bird's voice box |
| incubation | keeping birds' eggs warm |
| poikilotherms | animals with varied temperatures |
| lizards | elongated, four-footed reptiles with tapered tails |
| ovoviparous reptiles | reptiles that "bring forth alive from eggs" |
| lateral undulation | method of moving in which a snake keeps its body flat on the ground and bends it |
| rectilinear movement | method of movement in which a snake alternately stretches and shortens segments of its body |
| side-winding movement | method of movement in which a snake moves its body sideways |
| instinct | unlearned knowledge possessed from birth |
| black mamba | the fastest known snake |
| ecology | the study of how living things interact with each other and their environment |
| biotic factors | living things in a habitat |
| abiotic factors | non-living things in a habitat |
| biosphere | area of Earth's surface in which life exists |
| ecosystem | an interrelated network of all organisms and their environment within a limited area |
| terrestrial and aquatic | two categories of ecosystems |
| community | all the living things in an ecosystem |
| carrying capacity | the ability of an ecosystem to support its biodiversity |
| population | a group of organisms of the same species living in the same ecosystem |
| organisms | individual living things |
| biodiversity | the number and variety of species living within an ecosystem |
| herbivores | plant-eaters |
| carnivores | meat (animal)-eaters |
| omnivores | plant and animal-eaters |
| producers | make their own food |
| consumers | cannot make their own food and obtain energy from other sources |
| niche | the function or "occupation" of a living thing |
| trophic level | describes a feeding relationship between organisms |
| food chain | shows nutritional relationships among organisms in an ecosystem |
| primary consumers | eat plants |
| secondary consumers | eat herbivores |
| energy, biomass, and number | three types of ecosystem pyramids |
| symbiosis | "living together" |
| mutualism | relationship in which both organisms benefit |
| parasitism | relationship in which one organism is helped and the other is harmed |
| commensalism | relationship in which one organism benefits and the other is neither harmed nor helped |
| predation | relationship in which one organism kills the other |
| hydrologic cycle | evaporation, condensation, and precipitation |
| Charles Lyell | founder of uniformitarianism |
| uniformitarianism | belief that the present is the only key to the past |
| natural selection | "survival of the fittest" |
| Aristotle | Greek philosopher who developed the doctrine of intellect |
| speciation | changes within a particular kind of organism |
| macroevolution | process by which new creatures supposedly emerge from existing ones over time |
| paleontology | the study of fossils |
| transitional forms | "missing links" |
| punctuated equilibrium | the belief that evolution occurred in sudden spurts |
| geologic column | imaginary arrangement of fossils in time order |
| radiometric dating | technique of dating fossils |
| embryonic recapitulation | false theory that a human embryo goes through stages of development resembling man's "evolution" |
| mutations | random errors in an organism's genetic code |
| peppered moth | insect used as "proof" for evolution |
| Gaia hypothesis | false hypothesis that the earth and all organisms that inhabit it make up one living thing |
| spontaneous generation | the false idea that living things can arise from non-living things |
| coelacanth | once thought by evolutionists to be a "missing link" between fish and amphibians |
| Archaeopteryx | extinct bird sometimes wrongly cited as a "missing link" between reptiles and birds |
| Andreas Vesalius | the "Father of Anatomy" |
| physiology | study of the function of body structures |
| doctrine of intellect | belief that speculation is the highest form of reality |
| John Wilkins | founded the Royal Society of London |
| Plato | Greek philosopher who put together the doctrine of ideas |
| capybara | the largest rodent |
| apes | primates without tails |
| rodents | small, gnawing mammals with two sharp teeth |
| flying lemur | the longest-gliding mammal |
| California condor | the largest living land bird of North America |
| peregrine | the fastest of any living creature |
| contour feathers | feathers that provide a bird's streamlined shape |
| rachis | quill of a feather |
| cerebrum | the seat of a bird's intelligence |
| cerebellum | responsible for the bird's muscle coordination |
| cold-blooded animals | animals that regulate their temperatures by external factors |
| quadrate bone | bone that attaches a snake's skull to its lower jaw |
| Jacobson's organ | two tiny odor-sensitive cavities in a snake's mouth |
| herpetologists | zoologists who study reptiles and amphibians |
| pythons, anacondas, and boas | the three largest snakes |
| fangs | hollow or grooved venom-injecting teeth |
| elapids | poisonous snakes with immovable fangs in their upper jaws |
| king cobra | the largest venomous snake |
| neurotoxin | nerve poison |
| hemotoxin | blood poison |
| turtle | a reptile with a shell and toothless jaws |
| carapace | a turtle's upper shell |
| plastron | a trurtle's lower shell |
| estivation | a state of summer dormancy or limited activity |
| marine turtles | the largest living turtles |
| tortoise | land turtle |
| crocodilians | the largest living reptiles |
| tuatara | spiny-crested reptile |
| parietal eye | "third eye" on the head of a tuatara to sense radiation |
| dinosaurs | a large group of extinct reptile-like creatures |
| amphibians | cold-blooded vertebrates that live both on land and in water |
| three-chambered heart | type of heart a vertebrate possesses |
| frogs | leaping, tailless amphibians with smooth skin |
| toads | leaping, tailless amphibians with rough, warty skin |
| chromatophores | branched pigment cells that control skin coloration of amphibians, reptiles, and fish |
| amplexus | process by which most frogs are fertilized |
| mesentery | special membrane that holds a frog's pancreas in place |
| spermatophore | gelatinous structure deposit by a salamander containing a sperm |
| Japanese giant salamander | the largest living amphibian |
| efts | terrestrial salamanders |
| newts | aquatic salamanders |
| caecilians | burrowing, worm-like amphibians |
| ruminants | animals that "chew the cud" |
| Alaskan brown bear | the largest land-dwelling carnivore |
| antlers | solid, horn-like bone structures shed annually |
| horns | permanent hollow structures made from skin cells |
| Alaskan bull moose | the largest deer |
| fermentation | the process by which microorganisms break down cellulose in the stomachs of artiodactyls |
| ungulates | hoofed animals |
| prehensile tail | tail designed for grasping objects |
| food web | model used by ecologists to show all possible feeding relationships at each trophic level |
| ecological succession | the replacement of early pioneer species with later species |
| hypothesis | a tentative solution to a scientific problem |
| law of biogenesis | law that living things can only come from other living things |
| Charles Darwin | popularized evolution |
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