ANTH 100 - Religion
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25 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Worldviews | Encompassing pictures of reality created by the members of societies |
| Organic Metaphors | A worldview metaphor that applies the image of the body to social structures and institutions. |
| Technological Metaphor | A worldview metaphor that employs objects made by human beings as predicates. |
| Societal Metaphor | A worldview metaphor whose model for the world is the social order. |
| Religion | A type of worldview that tells us how we should view the world and how we should act. Explains intangible things with faith, not evidence. |
| Ritual | A repetitive social practice composed of a sequence of symbolic activities that are closely connected to a specific set of ideas that are often encoded in myth. |
| Rite of passage | A ritual that serves to mark the movement and transformation of an individual from one social position to another. |
| Liminality | time between stages. Temporary suspension of ordinary social rules. Ex: bachelorette parties - binge drinking, frisky behaviour. |
| Communitas | a state of perceived solidarity, equality, and unity among people sharing an experience, often characterized by intense emotion. |
| Separation | First stage of a rite of passage. Taken from your past stage, becomes liminal stage. (Bachelorette party) |
| Transition | Second stage of a rite of passage. Process of change (marriage ceremony). |
| Incorporation | Last stage of rite of passage. Reintroduced into society. |
| Self | The result of the process of socialization/enculturation for an individual. |
| Personality | The relative integration of an individual's perceptions, motives, cognitions, and behaviour within a sociocultural matrix. |
| Subjectivity | "The felt interior experience of the person that includes his or her positions in a field of relational power." (Das and Kleinman 2000) |
| Orthopraxy | "Correct practice"; the prohibition of deviation from approved forms of ritual behavior. |
| Shaman | A part-time religious practitioner who is believed to have the power to contact supernatural forces directly on behalf of individuals or groups. |
| Priest | A religious practitioner skilled in the practice of religious rituals, which he or she carries out for the benefit of the group. |
| Witchcraft | The performance of evil by human beings believed to possess and innate, nonhuman power to do evil, whether or not it is intentional or self-aware. |
| Magic | A set of beliefs and practices designed to control the visible or invisible world for specific purposes. |
| Oracles | Invisible forces to which people address questions and whose responses they believe to be truthful. |
| Syncretism | The synthesis of old religious practices (or an old way of life) with new religious practices (or a new way of life) introduces from outside, often by force. |
| Revitalization | A conscious, deliberate, and organized attempt by some members of a society to create a more satisfying culture in a time of crisis. |
| Nativism | A return to the old ways; a movement whose members expect a messiah or prophet who will bring back a lost golden age of peace, prosperity, and harmony. |
| Animism | A belief system that suggests that things (animate or inanimate) have spirits or souls. |
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