Chapter 2 Vocb
Order by
27 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Adjudicated | determined in court; judeged |
| Arraignment | a hearing in which a suspect is charged and pleads guilty or not guilty |
| Bail | A promise, the legal system that allows an accused person to be temporarily released from custody (usually on condition that a sum of money guarantees their appearance at trial) |
| Bench trial | a trial in which the judge alone hears the case |
| Booking | the formal process of making a police record of an arrest |
| Clearance rate | A comparison of the number of crimes cleared by arrest and prosecution with the number of crimes reported during any given time period. |
| Crime clock | how frequent crimes are committed |
| Crime control model | a criminal justice perspective that emphasizes the efficient arrest and conviction of criminal offenders |
| Diversion | alternative to being in jail |
| Due process | The principle of treating all accused persons in an equal fashion, using established rules and principles |
| Due process model | A criminal justice perspective that emphasizes individual rights at all stages of justice system processing. |
| Hierarchy rule | in a multiple offense incident, only the most serious crime is counted |
| Idex crimes | More serious crimes |
| Indictment | a formal document written for a prosecuting attorney charging a person with some offense |
| Parens patriae | the doctrine that allows the government to take care of minors and others who cannot legally take care of themselves |
| Parole | to grant a prisoner an early release from prison, with certain restrictions |
| Plea | answer the criminal charges |
| Plea bargaining | a negotiation in which the defendant agrees to enter a plea of guilty to a lesser charge and the prosecutor agrees to drop a more serious charge |
| Presentence investigtion report | All the information pretaining to a comitted crime |
| Probable cause | police cannot arrest on a hunch.. there has to evidence |
| Probation | a trial period during which an offender has time to redeem himself or herself |
| Sentence | the period of time a prisoner is imprisoned |
| Status offense | a violation of the law that pertains to minors but not adults |
| Sanctions | rewards and punishments used to encourage people to follow norms |
| Informal sanctions | the usually unexpressed but widely known rules of group membership, the unspoken rules of social life |
| Formal sanctions | enforce the most important norms are implemented by official action |
| Social norms | expected standards of conduct, which influence behavior |
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