GI Stomach Jurjus
Order by
38 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 What are the 4 regions of the stomach | Cardiac, Fundus, Body, and Pylorus |
| What happens to the water and lipid soluble drugs in the stomach? | Absorbed by the surface mucousal cells |
| What are the longitudinal folds of the internal surface of the stomach? | Rugae |
| What are the indentations of he mucosal surface of the stomach? | pits (foveolae) |
| What type of epithelium lines the lumenal surface and is continuous with the esophageal epithelium? | Simple columna Epithelium |
| What cells secret bicarbonate-rich mucus; lubricates and protects the stomach? | Surface mucous cells |
| What is the lower portion of the pit located just superior to the necks of the glands and is a site of mucousal cell renewal? | Isthmus |
| Name the 3 types of histologicaly distinct glands of the stomach | Cardiac, Pyloric, and Gastric Glands |
| Which glands of the stomach contains primarily mucus cells and is coiled with shallow pits? | Cardiac Glands |
| Which gland of the stomach connects the stomach and the duodenum, primarily mucus cells with longer pits? | Pyloric Gland |
| Which gland of the stomach consists of the body and fundus, is uncoiled, and contains stem cells, enzymes, acids, and hormones? | Gastric Gland |
| Which cells have large basal nuclei with irregularly shaped cell bodies? | Mucus neck cells |
| Which cells secrete HCL and intrinsic factor and are large pyramidal cells in the neck of the glands? | Parietal (oxyntic) cells |
| What cells increase the surface area of the apical plasma membrane for more HCL secretion? | Secretory Canaliculi |
| What is the coiled membrane within the cytoplasm acting as a membrane reserve for microvilli? | Tubulovesicular System |
| What stimulates acid secretion by binding to basolateral membrane receptors? | Gastrin, Histamine, AcH |
| Gastrin, Histamine, and AcH are regulated by what nerve? | Vagus Nerve |
| What combines water and CO2 to form carbonic acids? | Carbonic Anhydrase |
| From where to where is the H+ transported by the H+/K+ ATPase pumps? | Parietal Cells to Secretory Caniculi |
| What transport moves Cl- and K+ into the lumen of the caniculi? | Passive Transport |
| What is a glycoprotein that is secreted by parietal cells that binds to Vitamin B12 in the stomach lumen? | Intrinsic Factor |
| What deficiency is caused by a lack of Intrinsic Factor? | Pernicious Anemia |
| What cells are basophillic, low columnar cells present primarily in the basal half of the glands? | Chief Cells |
| What contains granules of pepsinogen? | Apical Cytoplasm |
| What enzyme is optimally active at 2pH and cleaves peptide bonds, it digests proteins into smaller polypeptides? | Pepsin |
| Wha enzyme hydrolyzes fat but is not physiologically important to the stomach? | Lipase |
| Ulcers occur most often from an alteration in protective mucous caused by what bacteria? | Helicobactor Pylori |
| What results from combined action of HCL and pepsin (which digests mucosa)? | Ulcers |
| What ells regulate the secretory activity of neighboring cells b producing polypeptide hormones and biogenic amines? | Enteroendocrine cells (APUD) |
| What large family of cells located in respiratory, GI, thyroid, piuitary and prostate glands? | Diffuse Neuroendocrine cells (DNES) |
| What secretion directly pours into the local subepithelial connective tissue? | Paracrine Secretion |
| What is secreted directly into the blood and stimulates acid secretion? | Gastrin |
| What is secreted into the Connective tissue where it locally diffuses to stimulate gastric acid secretion? | Hisamine |
| What is the paracrine hormone that is secreted by cells located through the GI system to inhibi other enteroendocrine cells? | Somatostatin |
| What is the innermost layer of the muscular externae? | Oblique |
| What is the middle layer of the muscular externea? | Circular |
| What is the outermost layer of the muscular externae? | Longitudinal |
| What is present between the circular and longitudinal layers of the muscular externae to churn and homogenize food? | Auerbach's Plexus |
First Time Here?
Welcome to Quizlet, a fun, free place to study. Try these flashcards, find others to study, or make your own.