medical terminology
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kimwhittemore on March 10, 2012
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HIM 121 ch 11 Urinary system
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63 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 UA | urinalysis |
| UTI | Urinary Tract Infection |
| Bladder | expandable reservoir for storing urine |
| Sphincter | muscular ring around a tube |
| Fundus | dome-shaped top of the bladder |
| Trigone | triangular shaped area in the bladder formed by the two ureteral orifices and opening into the urethra |
| Kidney | organ of the urinary system that produces urine |
| Ren/o- | combining form for kidney |
| Pelvis (renal pelvis) | large funnel-shaped cavity within each kidney that collects urine from the major calices and sends it to the ureter |
| Prostate gland | gland that is part of the male reproductive system; gland around the superior part of the urethra |
| Urea | waste product from protein metabolism |
| Ureter | tube that carries urine from the pelvis of the kidney to the bladder |
| Urethra | tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body |
| Urinary System | body system that includes the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra |
| Urination | the process of producing urine and expelling it from the body |
| Glomerulonephritis | complication that develops following an acute infection with streptococcus bacteria or viruses |
| Glomerul/o- | combining form for glomerulus |
| Hydr/o- | combining form meaning water or fluid |
| Nephr/o- | combining form meaning kidney or nephron |
| Nephropathy | general word for any disease process involving the kidney |
| Nephrolithiasis | kidney stone or calculus formation in the urinary system |
| Lith/o- | combining form meaning stone |
| Nephroptosis | abnormally low position of a kidney |
| PolyCystic Kidney Disease | congenital disease characterized by cysts in the kidney causing kidney failure. |
| Hydronephrosis | enlargement of the kidney due to constant pressure from backed-up urine in the ureter |
| Pyelonephritis | inflammation and infection of the pelvices of the kidneys |
| Renal failure | disease in which the kidneys progressively decrease and stop producing urine |
| Cystitis | inflammation or infection of the urinary bladder |
| Cystocele | hernia in which the bladder bulges through a weakness in the muscular wall of the vagina or rectum |
| Neurogenic bladder | urinary retention due to a lack of innervations of the nerves of the bladder |
| Urethritis | inflammation or infection of the urethra |
| Urinary retention | inability to empty the bladder because of an obstruction, nerve damage, or as a side effect of a drug |
| Vesicovaginal fistula | -formation of an abnormal passageway connecting the bladder to the vagina |
| Anuria | -absence of urine production by the kidney |
| Dysuria- | difficult or painful urination |
| Enuresis | -involuntary urination during sleep |
| Glycosuria | glucose in the urine |
| Hematuria | blood in the urine |
| Incontinence | inability to voluntarily keep urine in the bladder |
| Nocturia | increased frequency and urgency of urination during the night |
| Oliguria | decreased production of urine associated with kidney failure |
| Polyuria | excessive production of urine associated with diabetes |
| Pyuria | white blood cells in the urine; indicates an infection |
| Urinary Tract Infection | an infection anywhere in the urinary tract |
| catheterization | procedure in which a catheter (flexible tube) is inserted through the urethra and into the bladder to drain the urine |
| Foley | an indwelling tube that drains urine continuously |
| dialysis | procedure to remove waste products from the blood of a patient in renal failure |
| hemodialysis | dialysis procedure that uses a fistula or shunt in the patient's arm |
| cystectomy | procedure to remove the bladder because of bladder cancer. |
| cystoscopy | procedure that uses a rigid or flexible cystoscope inserted through the urethra in order to examine the bladder |
| lithotripsy | procedure that uses sound waves to break up a kidney stone |
| extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL)- | sound waves generated by source outside the body |
| -tripsy | suffix meaning the process of crushing |
| nephrectomy | surgical procedure to remove a kidney |
| nephrolithotomy | procedure in which a small incision is made in the skin and an endoscope is inserted in a percutaneous approach into the kidney to remove a stone embedded in the renal pelvis or calyces. |
| BUN | Blood Urea Nitrogen |
| C&S | Culture and Sensitivity |
| cysto | cystoscopy (slang) |
| ESWL | Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy |
| GU | Genitourinary |
| IVP | Intravenous Pyelography |
| UA | urinalysis |
| UTI | Urinary Tract Infection |
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