Pelvic Anatomy
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superasianninja on March 10, 2012
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44 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Boundaries of Ischioanal fossa - anterior (2) | 1. imaginary line passing through anterior border of ischial tuberosity 2. posterior border of urogenetial diaphragm |
| Contents of ischioanal fossa (4) | 1. fat 2. fibrous tissue 3. inferior rectal nerve 4. vessels |
| Lateral wall of ischioanal fossa (3) | 1. Pudendal canal/Alcock's canal 2. Pudendal nerve 3. internal pudendal vessels |
| Pudendal canal AKA | Alcock's canal |
| Ischioanal canal 1. is it very vascularized? 2. what commonly forms in this region? 3. what might happen to 2 and what might it give rise to? (clinically) | 1. less vascular 2. abscess 3. burst into skin/mucous membrane of anal canal and give rise to fistula in ano |
| Gluteus maximus - origin (4) | 1. gluteal surface of ilium behind posterior gluteal line 2. sacrum 3. coccyx 4. sacrotuberous ligament |
| Gluteus maximus 1. insertion (2) 2. nerve supply | 1. iliotibial tract; gluteal tuberosity of femur 2. inferior gluteal nerve |
| What muscle attaches at the gluteal surface between the posterior gluteal line and the anterior gluteal line? | gluteus medius |
| What attaches at the gluteal surface between the inferior gluteal line and the anterior gluteal line? | gluteus minimus |
| What attaches at the gluteal surface behind the posterior gluteal line? | gluteus maximus |
| What structures pass through the greater sciatic foramen above the piriformis? (2) | 1. superior gluteal nerve 2. superior gluteal vessels |
| What structures pass through the greater sciatic foramen below the piriformis? (7) | 1. inferior gluteal nerve 2. inferior gluteal vessels 3. sciatic nerve 4. posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh 5. pudendal nerve 6. internal pudendal vessels 7. nerve to obturator internus |
| What structures pass through the lesser sciatic foramen? (4) | 1. tendon of obturator internus 2. nerve to obturator internus 3. pudendal nerve 4. internal pudendal vessels |
| Where do the pudendal nerver and internal pudendal vessels pass through? (2) | 1. greater sciatic foramen below piriformis 2. lesser sciatic foramen |
| Where does the nerve to obturator internus pass through? (2) | 1. greater sciatic foramen below piriformis 2. lesser sciatic foramen |
| Sacrotuberous ligament - upper end is attached to (4) | 1. posterior superior iliac spine 2. posterior sacroiliac ligaments 3. lateral margin of lower part of sacrum 4. coccyx |
| Sacrotuberous ligament 1. lower end is attached to? 2. AKA | 1. medial border of ischial tuberosity 2. falciform margin |
| What is the falciform margin? | lower end of sacrotuberous ligament |
| Sacrospinous ligament 1. extends from (1) 2. to (2) | 1. ischial spine 2. lateral margin of lower part of sacrum and coccyx |
| What muscles lie underneath the gluteus maximus? (3) | 1. gluteus medius 2. gluteus minimus 3. piriformis |
| What nerves lie underneath gluteus maximus? (4) | 1. sup gluteal nerve 2. inf gluteal nerve 3. pudendal nerve 4. sciatic nerve |
| What vessels lie underneath gluteus maximus? (3) | 1. sup gluteal vessels 2. inf gluteal vessels 3. internal pudendal vessels |
| What bony landmark lies underneath gluteus maximus? | greater trochanter |
| What are the spinal origins of the pudendal nerve? | ventral rami of S2-S4 |
| What is the internal pudendal artery a branch of? | anterior division of internal iliac artery |
| Where does the internal pudendal vein drain into? | internal iliac vein |
| 1. Where doe the pudendal nerve and internal pudendal vessels come out of? 2. where do they reach? 3. then cross what bony landmark and pass through what? 4. enters into? | 1. greater sciatic foramen 2. gluteal region 3. ischial spine, through lesser sciatic foramen 4. ischioanal fossa |
| Pudendal nerve and internal pudendal vessels pass from lesser sciatic notch to where? | lateral wall of ischioanal fossa |
| 1. Inferior rectal nerve arises from which nerve? 2. passes through what? | 1. pudendal nerve 2. pass through fat of ischioanal fossa |
| What does the inferior rectal nerve supply? (2) | 1. external anal sphincter 2. skin around anal orifice |
| Inferior rectal nerve runs along which vessels? | inferior rectal |
| Pudendal canal 1. what is it? 2. what does it enclose? (2) | 1. fascia covering obturator internus splits 2. pudendal nerve and internal pudendal vessels |
| Branches of the pudendal nerve (4) | 1. inf rectal nerve 2. dorsal nerve of penis/clitoris 3. perineal branches 4. post scrotal/labial nerves |
| 1. What does the inf rectal nerve supply? 2. What do the perineal branches supply? | 1. external anal sphincter 2. muscles in urogenital triangle |
| 1. what do the post scrotal nerves supply? 2. what do the post labial nerves supply? | 1. skin of posterior part of scrotum 2. skin of posterior part of labia majora |
| Pudendal nerve block 1. when is this done? 2. injection is made where? | 1. relieve pain during childbirth 2. through lateral wall of vagina in pudendal nerve as it crosses ischial spine and sacrospinous ligament |
| Internal pudendal artery 1. branch of? 2. path | 1. anterior division of internal iliac artery 2. passes out of pelvis through greater sciatic foramen to reach gluteal region; crosses ischial spine; enters lesser sciatic foramen; runs in pudendal canal |
| Branches of internal pudendal artery (3) | 1. inferior rectal artery 2. posterior scrotal/labial arteries 3. others for external genitalia |
| External anal sphincter 1. what type of muscle? 2. innervation | 1. skeletal 2. inf rectal nerves |
| External anal sphinter - subcutaneous 1. surrounds what 2. bony attachments | 1. anal orifice 2. none |
| External anal sphincter - superficial attachments 1. anterior 2. posterior | 1. perineal body 2. ano-coccygeal raphe |
| External anal sphincter - deep -fuses with? | 1. deepest layer and fuses w/levator ani |
| Internal anal sphincter 1. type of muscle 2. location 3. innervation | 1. inner circular smooth muscle 2. anal canal 3. ANS (involuntary) |
| AKA 1. superior rectal veins 2. inferior rectal veins | 1. internal piles 2. external piles |
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