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******meiosis the fusion of a single sperm cell from a male parent and a single egg cell by the female - called gamates. These gamates are produced by the process of Meiosis. fertilization where egg and sperm cells fuse at resulting in ZYGATE embryo developing human ****mutation like a re-typed instruction manual page, copies of the chromosomes are rewritten rather than "photocopied". the typigraphical error is mutation. dizygotic non-identical or fraternal twins monozygotic identical twins mendelian when a few human genetic traits have easily identifiable patterns of inheritence genotype the genetic composition of and individual phenotype his/her physical traits recessive when the allele effects can be seen only if a copy of a dominant allele is "not" present- cystic fibrosis dominant alleles are so named because of their effects are seen even when a recessive allele is present - Huntington's disease. quantitative traits height, weight, eye color, etc. Show continuous variation polygenetic traits influenced by many genes artificial selection the technique of controlling the reproduction of individual organisms to influence the phenotypes of the next generation