| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Nematodes | roundworms: Enterobius vermicularis (pinworm), Ascaris lumbricoides (giant roundworm), Trichinella spiralis, Strongyloides stercoralis, Ancylostoma duodenale, Necator americanus (hookworm), Dracunculus medinensis, Onchocerca volvulus, Loa loa, wuchereria bancrofti, Toxacara canis |
| Cestodes | (tape worms) Taenia solium, Echinococcus granulosis, |
| Trematodes | (flukes) Shistosoma, Clonorchis sinensis, Paragonimus westermani |
| Enterobius vermiculars transmission and presentation | (pinworm): food with eggs leads to infestinal infection and anual purritis. |
| Enterobius vermiculars dx and tx | scotch tape test and mebendazole/pyrantyl pamoate |
| Ascaris lumbricoides transmission and presentation | (giant tape worm) eggs in feces and intestinal infection |
| Ascaris lumbricoides tx | mebendazole/pyrantel pamoate |
| Trichinella spiralis transmission and presentation | undercooked meat, usually pork, invades M and leads to inflammation. Also periorbital edema |
| ichinella spiralis tx | thiabendazole |
| Strogyloides stercoralis transmission and presentation | larvae in soil penetrate skin, ind invade intestines--> vomiting, diarrhea, and anemia |
| Strogyloides stercoralis tx | ivermectin/thiabendazole |
| ancylostoma duodenale transmission and presentation | penetrates skin of feet, travels to lungs, up trachea to infect small intestines and suck blood from wall--> anemia. |
| Ancylostoma duodenale tx | mebendazole/pyrantel pamoate |
| Dracunculus medinensis transmission and presentation | drink infected water, when worm matures, exits LE leading to ulceration and skin inflammation |
| Dracunculus medinensis tx | Niridazole |
| Necator americanus transmission and presentation | (hookworm) burrows into feet, to lungs, to guts and drink blood |
| Necator americanus tx | mebendazole |
| Onchocerca volvulus transmission and presentation | transmitted by blackflies, causing river blindness with skin nodules, and lizard skin. Can have allergic rxn to microfilaria |
| Onchocerca volvulus tx | IVERmectin (rIVER blindness) |
| Loa loa transmission and presentation | transmitted via deer fly, horse fly, and mango fly--> swelling in skin and worm seen crawling in conjunctiva |
| Loa loa tx | diethylcarbamazine |
| Wuchereria bancrofti transmission and presentation | female mosquito transmits worm which then bocks lymphatics--> elephantiasis |
| Wuchereria bancrofti tx | diethylcarbamazine |
| toxocara canis transmission and presentation | food contaminated w/eggs, causes granulomas (blindness if in retina) and visceral larva migrans |
| Toxocara canis tx | diethylcarbamazine |
| Taenia solium transmission and presentation | ingestion of larvae encysted in undercooked pork--> intestinal tapeworms. ingestion of eggs cuases cysticercosis and neurocysticercosis--> mass lesions in the brain (swiss cheese appearance) |
| Cysticercosis causes | ingestion of Taenia solium EGGS |
| Echinococcus granuosis transmission and presentation | eggs in dog feces ingested and --> cysts in liver, cause anaphylaxis if ruptured |
| Taenia solium tx | praziquantel for intestinal worms and cysticercosis. albendazole for neurocysticercosis |
| tx for neuro cysticercosis | albendazole |
| Echinococcus granulosus tx | albendazole |
| Schistosoma transmission and presentation | snals host, and cercariae penetrate human skin--> granulomas, fibrosis, and inflammation of spleen and liver--> portal htn |
| Schistosoma tx | Praziquantel |
| Clonorchis sinensis transmission and presentation | in undercooked fish--> inflammation of biliary tract leading to pigmented gallstones. Also associated with CHOLANGIOCARCINOMA |
| Clonorchis sinesnsis tx | Praziquantel |
| Paragonimus westermani transmission and presentation | UNDERCOOKED CRAB MEAT--> INflammation and secondary bacterial infection of the lung. also causes hemoptysis. |
| Paragonimus westermani tx | Praziquantel |
| ingested nematodes | Enterobius, Ascaris, Trichinella (EAT) |
| Nematodes that enter cutaneously | Strongyloides, Ancylostoma, Necator Duh! (get from feet in the SANd) |
| which parasite can cause bladder CA? | Schistosoma haematobium |
Combine with other sets
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