| Term | Definition |
| Observation | a piece of information we gather using our senses- our sight, hearing, smell, and touch. |
| Hypothesis | a testable explanation for an observation. |
| Prediction | a logical statement about what will happen if the hypothesis is correct. |
| Experiment | a procedure designed to test a hypothesis under controlled conditions. |
| Variable | is the factor in interest. |
| Experimental Group | the group that recives the experimental treatment. |
| Control Group | the group that does not recieve the experimental treatment. |
| Data | the information that a scientist gathers during an experiment. |
| Correlations | reliable associations between two or more events. |
| Statistics | is the collection and classification of data that are in the form of numbers. |
| Mean | is the number obtained by adding up the data for a given characteristic and dividing this sum by the number of individuals. |
| Distribution | is the relative arrangment of the members of a statistical population. |
| Probability | the chance that something will happen. |
| Sample | is the group of individuals or events selected to represent the population. |
| Risk | is the probability of an unwanted outcome. |
| Models | are representations of objects or systems. |
| Conceptual Model | is a verbal or graphical explanation for how a system works or is organized. |
| Mathematical Model | is one or more equations that represents the way a system or process works. |
| Values | are principles or standards we consider important. |
| Decision-Making Model | is a conceptual model that provides a systematic process for making decisions. |