Chapter 4: American Life in the Seventeenth Centuary
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10 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Indentured Servants | England had a surplus of displaced farmers desperate for employment. They volunteered manual labor for several years to Chesapeake masters. In exchange they recieved transatlantic passafe and eventual "freedom dues" including barrels of corn, clothes and small pieces of land. |
| Headright System | The system in which servants would provide manual labor for Chesapeake masters. In exchange they recieved transatlantic passage and eventual "freedom dues"-with corn, clothes and small piece of land. Virginia and Maryland used this to encourage the importion of servant workers. Under its terms, whoever paid the passage of a laborer recieved the right to acquire fifty acres of land. Masters reaped the benefits. |
| Nathaniel Bacon | 29 year old planter who led rebellian against Governor William Berkley in 1676. Suddenly died of disease.He Ignited the unhappiness of landless former sevants and he had potted the hardsrcabble backcountry frontiersmen against the haughty gentry. |
| Bacon's Rebellion | Rebellian against Burkley's friendly polocies toward the Indians. Rebels fell murderously on the Indians and chased Berkley from Jamestown. This civil war in Virginia caused chaos through the whole colony. "a rabble of the basest sort of people". |
| Triangle Trade | k, a system of trade in which Africa supplied the slaves, the Americas supplied the natural resources, and Europe supplied the finished products |
| Middle Passage | The "middle passage" referred to the transatlantic sea voyage that brought slaves to the New World- the long hazardous "middle" segment of a journey that began with a forces march to the African coast and ended with a trek into the American interior. |
| Slave Codes | In Virginia, 1662, statutes appeared that formaly decreed the iron conditions of slavery for blacks. Made blacks and their children the property (chattels) for life of their white masters. |
| Jeremiad | A new form of sermon for Puritans. Taking cue from the doom-saying Old Testamen prophet Jeremiah, earnest preachers scolded parishoners for ther waning piety. |
| Half-way covenant | A new formula for church membership, made by troubled ministers in 1662. This new arrangement modified the "covenant" or the agreement between the church and its adherents, to admit baptism but not "full communion"-the unconverted children of existing members. Weakened the distinction between the "elect" and others further diluting the spiritual purity of the original settler's godly community. Widened church membership. |
| Salem Witch Trials | Adolescent girls in Salem, Massachusetts claimed to have been bewitched by certain older women. A hysterical "witch hunt" ensued, in 1692 19 people were hanged. Most of the accusations were a cause of unsettled social and religious conditions. This eventually ended in 1693 when the governors wife was accusted and he stopped the trials and further pardoned the rest of the accused. |
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