1.
Black Death/Bubonic Plaque: disease in Europe in the 14th century (1300s), killed 25% of people
2.
Crusades: and war Christians took to take over Jerusalem from Muslims, started by Pope Urban II
3.
Gothic: relating to a style of church architecture that developed in medieval Europe, featuring ribbed vaults, stained glass windows, flying buttresses, pointed arches, and tall spires.
4.
Guild: a medieval association of people working at the same occupation, which controlled its members' wages and prices
5.
Hugh Capet: first king of France (lived 938-996)
6.
Hundred Years War: series of wars between France & England over control (1337-1453)
7.
Joan of Arc: girl that died in the 100 Years' War, national hero of France
8.
Magna Carta: "Great Charter" signed by King John in 1215, said king must follow laws
9.
Moors: Muslims in Spain
10.
Reconquista: 'reclaiming' Spain from the Moors
11.
Scholasticism: learning comes from the Catholic church (led to formation of colleges & universities)
12.
Secular: focused on earth, not God & heaven
13.
Three-field system: rotating crops on your farm so the land stays fertile
14.
Usury: charging someone to borrow money from you
15.
Vernacular: the everyday language of people in a region or country