1.
3 warfare advancements: Longbows, cannons, gunpowder
2.
apprentice: someone who studied under the master of a trade for 5 to 9 years
3.
Battle of Agincourt: Henry V and the British were successful thanks to advancements like longbows, over the odds
4.
Black Death: disease that took 25 millions lives during the mid 1300s
5.
Characteristics of Gothic Architecture: flying buttresses
pointed arches
lots of windows
6.
Characteristics of growing towns: unsanitary conditions
vertical buildings
high crime rate
7.
Characteristics of the new middle ages: did not favor king over nobles
could not serve in government positions
8.
Dante Alighieri: person who wrote "The Divine Comedy" which was written in the vernacular language (Italian)
9.
Edward III: British monarch that, in 1337, brought an army to France to claim the French throne
10.
Effects of the Crusades: increased wealth and trade routes for merchants
increase in religious tolerance
decline in support of Catholic Church
11.
fair: event involving merchants and consumers being able to buy and sell products to boost the local economy
12.
Geoffrey Chaucer: wrote "The Canterbury Tales" which was poetry that commented on society and the church
13.
guild: association made up of workers with the same job/skill
14.
Guilds would not:: go to war against nobles
15.
Guilds would:: set hours
set wages
pay for members' funeral expenses
16.
Hanseatic League: German cities formed it to increase trade between the 1300s and 1400s
17.
Henry Tudor: won the War of the Roses for the Lancaster family
18.
Hundred Years' War: series of conflicts between France and England from 1337 - 1453
19.
Joan of arc: French soldier who was responsible for helping Charles VII get to the throne, and later became a martyr
20.
journeyman: someone who would finish training as a apprentice, get paid, but would still work under a master
21.
Louis XI: French monarch who started the trend of absolute ruling in 1461
22.
Not a characteristic of Gothic Architecture: short ceilings
23.
Not a characteristic of growing towns: use of martial law (military)
24.
Not a warfare advancement: Castles
25.
Not an effect of the Crusades: permanent European control of Jerusalem
26.
Richard the Lionheart: English monarch responsible for establishing a truce with Saladin after the Third Crusade
27.
Scholasticism: attempt to bring religion and reason together
28.
The Crusades: series of military expeditions to regain the holy land
29.
The Domestic System: system in the High Middle Ages involved people making product at home for sellers
30.
Thomas Aquinas: philosopher/monk that summarized Christian thought in "Summa Theologiae"
31.
troubadour: wandering singer who wrote poems about love and chivalry
32.
Universitas: schools of higher learning during the High Middle Ages
33.
Urban II: pope that started the First Crusade
34.
vernacular language: language that was/is common to most people in a particular area
35.
War of the Roses: conflict between York and Lancaster families
