The French Revolution and Napoleon
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Created by:
itzyourboyjake on March 13, 2012
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47 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Old Regime | The political and social system that existed in France before the French Revolution. Monarchs here were absolute. |
| Enlightenment | a movement in the 18th century that advocated the use of reason in the reappraisal of accepted ideas and social institutions |
| First Estate | the clergy in France and the heads of the church in Britain (include both higher and lower clergy) |
| Second Estate | the nobility in France and the peerage in Britain. |
| Third Estate | the commons |
| Bourgeoisie | the social class between the lower and upper classes |
| Estates-General | The French national assembly summoned in 1789 to remedy the financial crisis and correct abuses of the ancient regime. The legislative branch of the French Government. For over 300 years, no laws were created. Block voting, which is for every estate. Legislative branch. |
| Corvee | unpaid labor (as for the maintenance of roads) required by a lord of his vassals in lieu of taxes, service for the government |
| Taille | (in France before 1789) A tax levied on the common people by the king or an overlord. Basically, a land tax. |
| Tithe | an offering of a tenth part of some personal income to the Church. The first and second estate are excused from this. |
| Jacques Necker | financial expert of Louis XVI, he advised Louis to reduce court spending, reform his government, abolish tarriffs on internal trade, but the First and Second Estates got him fired |
| Block Voting | when shareholders decide to vote alike |
| Tennis Court Oath | vow by members of the 3rd estate not to disband until a constitution was written |
| July 14th, 1789 | The medieval fortress and prison in Paris known as the Bastille represented royal authority in the center of Paris. While the prison only contained seven inmates at the time of its storming, its fall was the flashpoint of the French Revolution. |
| Factions | conflicting groups |
| The Great Fear | When the peasants were afraid that the nobles would send robbers to kill them. It was a result of the storming of Bastille. (create a semi-circle in notebook) |
| Gabelle | Tax on salt and flour (flours can be called a staple) during pre-revolutionary France-included in the Estate's list of grievances. |
| Paris Commune | The small government in Paris who wanted to resist the conservative leaders of France and tried to form their own government |
| Girondist | a member of the moderate republican party during the French Revolution |
| Deceleration of the Rights of Man | this was based on the ideas of the Enlightenment that the revolutionaries wanted to follow. It can be considered the blue print of the revolution |
| Civil Constitution of the Clergy | A document, issued by the National Assembly in July 1790, that broke ties with the Catholic Church and established a national church system in France with a process for the election of regional bishops. The document angered the pope and church officials and turned many French Catholics against the revolutionaries. |
| Constitution of 1791 | One of the basic precepts of the revolution was adopting constitutionality and establishing popular sovereignty, following the steps of the United States of America |
| Emigres | French nobility who fled country to escape the Revolution |
| Deceleration of Pilnitz | issued by King of Prussia and emperor of Austria, 2 monarchs threatened to intervene to protect the French monarch, bluff but revolutionaries took it seriously |
| Assignats | Paper currency, the French churches were used as collateral -the first French paper currency issued by the General Assembly. |
| Sans-culottes | in the French Revolution, a radical group made up of Parisian wage-earners, and small shopkeepers who wanted a greater voice in government, lower prices, and an end of food shortages |
| National Convention | the meeting of party delegates every four years to choose a presidential ticket and write the party's platform. |
| Suffrage | a legal right guaranteed by the 15th amendment to the US constitution |
| Committee of Public Safety | The leaders under Robespierre who organized the defenses of France, conducted foreign policy, and centralized authority during the period 1792-1795. |
| Maximillien Robepierre | member of the Estates-General and wanted abolish slavery |
| Reign of Terror | the historic period (1793-94) during the French Revolution when thousands were executed |
| Constitution of 1795 | re-established property rights for voting |
| Nationalism | love of country and willingness to sacrifice for it |
| Napoleon Bonaparte | French general who became emperor of the French (1769-1821) |
| Coup detat | A sudden overthrow of the government by a small group |
| Plebiscite | a vote by the electorate determining public opinion on a question of national importance |
| Concordat of 1801 | This is the agreement between Pope Pius VII and Napoleon that healed the religious division in France by giving the French Catholics free practice of their religion and Napoleon political power |
| Code Napoleon | The codification and condensation of laws assuring legal equality and uniformity in France. |
| Continental System | Napoleon's efforts to block foreign trade with England by forbidding Importation of British goods Into Europe. |
| Joseph Bonaparte | Napoleon's brother, made king of Spain but unable to control the Spanish which led to the costly Peninsula War. |
| Louis Bonaparte | Elected president of France following general election. Won 70% of the votes because of his name. Bonaparte later changed the government to an empire w/himself as emperor just like his uncle, the original Napoleon. |
| Czar Alexander I | the czar of Russia whose plans to liberalize the government of Russia were unrealized because of the wars with Napoleon (1777-1825) |
| Abdicate | give up, such as power, as of monarchs and emperors, or duties and obligations |
| Battle of Waterloo | the battle on 18 June 1815 in which Napoleon met his final defeat |
| Congress of Vienna | conservative, reactionary meeting, led by Prince Metternich, restore Europe to Prerevolution time |
| Ostracism | the state of being banished or ostracized (excluded from society by general consent) |
| St. Helena | island owned by the British and the final exile of Napoleon |
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