5 Written Questions

1. in Piaget's theory, the stage of cognitive development (normally beginning about age 12) during which people begin to think logically about abstract concepts
2. a test designed to predict a person's future performance; is the capacity to learn
3. mental quality consisting of the ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations
4. the WAIS is the most widely used intelligence test; contains verbal and performance (nonverbal) subtests
5. the time of natural cessation of menstruation; also refers to the biological changes a woman experiences as her ability to reproduce declines

5 Matching Questions

1. stanford-binet
2. conservation
3. general intelligence
4. mental retardation
5. schema

1. a the widely used American revision (by Terman at Stanford University) of Binet's original intelligence test
2. b a concept or framework that organizes and interprets information
3. c a general intelligence factor that according to Spearman and others underlies specific mental abilities and is therefore measured by every task on an intelligence test.
4. d the principle (which Piaget believed to be a part of concrete operational reasoning) that properties such as mass, volume, and number remain the same despite changes in the forms of objects
5. e a condition of limited mental ability, indicated by an intelligence score of 70 or below and difficulty in adapting to the demands of life; varies from mild to profound

5 Multiple Choice Questions

1. Stagnation
   1. maturation
   2. identity
   3. generaltivity
   4. conservation
2. defined originally as the ratio of mental age (ma) to chronological age (ca) multiplied by 100 (thus, IQ = ma/ca × 100). On contemporary intelligence tests, the average performance for a given age is assigned a score of 100.
   1. intelligence
   2. intelligence quotient IQ
   3. aptitude test
   4. acheivement test
3. a condition of retardation and associated physical disorders caused by an extra chromosome 21 in one's genetic makeup
   1. menarche
   2. adolescence
   3. down syndrome
   4. savant syndrome
4. a study in which people of different ages are compared with one another
   1. formal operational stage
   2. longitudinal study
   3. preoperational stage
   4. cross-sectional study
5. a disorder that appears in childhood and is marked by deficient communication, social interaction, and understanding of others' states of mind
   1. fetus
   2. embryo
   3. autism
   4. zygote

5 True/False Questions

1. content validity → the extent to which a test samples the behavior that is of interest

   True        False

2. habituation → biological growth processes that enable orderly changes in behavior, relatively uninfluenced by experience

   True        False

3. assimilation → adapting one's current understandings (schemas) to incorporate new information

   True        False

4. menarche → the first menstrual period

   True        False

5. accommodation → the principle (which Piaget believed to be a part of concrete operational reasoning) that properties such as mass, volume, and number remain the same despite changes in the forms of objects

   True        False