Psych Chapter 9
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26 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Motive | Specific need or desire, such as hunger, thirst, or achievement, that prompts goal-directed behavior |
| Emotion | Feeling, such as fear, joy, or surprise, that underlies behavior |
| Instinct | Inborn, inflexible, goal-directed behavior that is characteristic of an entire species |
| Drive | State of tension or arousal that motivates behavior |
| Drive-reduction theory | Theory that motivated behavior is aimed at reducing a state of bodily tension or arousal and returning the organism to homeostasis |
| Homeostasis | State of balance and stability in which the organism functions effectively |
| Incentive | External stimulus that prompts goal-directed behavior |
| Intrinsic motivation | A desire to perform a behavior that stems from the behavior performed |
| Extrinsic motivation | A desire to perform a behavior to obtain an external reward or avoid a punishment |
| Primary Drive | An unlearned drive, such as hunger, that is based on a physiological state |
| Set point | The point at which one's body tries maintain weight |
| Anorexia nervosa | A serious eating disorder that is associated with an intense fear of weight gain and a distorted body image |
| Bulima | An eating disorder characterized by binges of eating followed by self-induced vomiting |
| Testosterone | The primary male sex hormone |
| Pheromones | Chemical molecules that communicate information to other members of a species, and influence their behavior |
| Stimulus motive | Unlearned motive, such as curiosity or contact, that prompts us to explore or change the world around us |
| Social motive | Learned; need to fulfill intimacy and achievement through relationships; not to be confused with affiliation (need to be around people) |
| Aggression | Behavior aimed at doing harm to others; also the motive to behave aggressively |
| Achievement motive | The need to excel, to overcome obstacles |
| Affiliation motive | The need to be with others |
| Power motive | Learned; need to be praised by those in authority or power |
| Yerkes-Dodson law | A law stating that effective performance is more likely if the level of arousal is suitable for the activity |
| James-Lange Theory | States that stimuli cause physiological changes in our bodies, and emotions result from those physiological changes |
| Cannon-Bard theory | States that the experience of emotion occurs simultaneously with biological changes |
| Cognitive theory | States that emotional experience depends on ones perception or judgement of the situation one is in |
| Display rules | Culture-specific rules that govern how, when, and why expressions of emotion are appropriate |
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