Latino Experience
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24 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Problems associated with term Hispanic | Hispanic emphasizes the Spanish heritage of their groups while ignorning other backgrounds |
| Five types of immigrants | 1. Individuals with official visas (legals) 2. Undocumented immigrants (illegals) 3. Braceros (seasonal farm workers on contract) 4. Commuters (individuals with official visas who live in Mexico but work in US) 5. Border crossers (individuals with short term permits) |
| Mocking Spanish | Made up terms used to perpetuate negative images of Mexican and Mexican Americans |
| Maquiladoras | A factory in Mexico run by a foreign company and exporting its products to the country of that company |
| Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo | Residents had the choice of remaining or moving to Mexico |
| Immigration during WWI | Border crossing was informal and unrestricted. U.S employers actively recruited Mexicans |
| Immigration during Great Depression | Decreased demand for labor/recruiting stopped. Some returned home voluntarily. Government instituted a repatriation campaign. |
| Immigration during WWII | Employers turn to Mexico for labor. Introduced bracero program to bring in laborers. Initiated operation wetback and deported illegal immigrants |
| 1965 Immigration Act | New immigration policy gave high priority to immigrants who were family and kin of US citizens. IRCA allowed illegal immigrants citizenship who have been here since 1982 |
| Bracero Program | Allowed temporary contract laborers into the U.S |
| Operation Wetback | Initiated to deport undocumented and illegal immigrants |
| Zoot Suit Riots | Series of riots during WWII between sailors and marines and Latino youths |
| Stratification and discrimination in workplace | Mexican American workers have occupied secondary labor market jobs in poor conditions and earned wages far below whites |
| Language discrimination | Treating people unfair because they speak a different language or because they speak a dialect of English that is not in favor |
| League of United Latin American Citizens | Integrationist and reflected assimilationist values of larger society |
| 1960s Movement | Intense activism and militancy. Demanded justice, fairness and equal rights |
| Cesar Chavez | Organized the United Farm Workers. Advocated nonviolent direct action |
| 1st wave of Cuban Immigrants | Mainly middle, upper-middle and upper class people |
| 2nd wave of Cuban Immigrants | Lower social class - dubbed Marielitos |
| Characteristics of ethnic enclave | Social, economic and cultural sub-society controlled by the group itself. Geographically concentrated. Sufficient ethnic dominated economic enterprises and social institutions. Political dominance. |
| How Cubans and Puerto Ricans differ in prejudice and discrimination | Cubans are physically indistinguishable from Euro American population. Puerto Ricans are dark-skinned and experience same forms of prejudice and discrimination as do blacks. |
| Cultural Assimilation | Hispanics were not stripped of their native cultures on entering society |
| Secondary Assimilation | Three major groups of Latinos lag behind whites in income, occupation, education and political power. |
| Primary Assimilation | Latinos have advanced futher than African Americans. Nearly half live in suburbs. |
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