| Term | Definition |
| relinquo, ere, reliqui, relictum | to leave behind, abandon |
| renuntio, are, avi, atum | to report |
| repello, ere, reppuli, repulsum | to drive back, repel |
| reperio, ire, repperi, repertum | to find |
| respublica, reipublicae | state, republic |
| respicio, ere, respexi, respectum | to look back |
| respondeo, ere, respondi, responsum | to answer |
| retineo, ere, retinui, retentum | to hold back, restrain |
| revertor, reverti, reversus sum | to return |
| ripa, ae | bank (of river) |
| rupes, rupis | cliff, rock |
| rursus | again |
| rus, ruris | the country |
| saevus, a, um | fierce, cruel, savage |
| sagitta, ae | arrow |
| sanus, a, um | sound, healthy |
| sapiens, sapientis | wise |
| sapientia, ae | wisdom |
| scelus, sceleris | crime, wickedness |
| scribo, ere, scripsi, scriptum | to write |
| scutum, i | shield |
| sedecim | 16 |
| sententia, ae | opinion |
| sentio, ire, sensi, sensum | to feel |
| sepelio, ire, sepelivi, sepultum | to bury |