gov ch.13

Terms	Definitions
other policymakers with whom they deal have their own agendas, interests, and sources of power	The principal reason that presidents have trouble getting things done is that
persuade	As Richard Neustadt has argue, presidential power is probably best understood as the power to
persuade	Richard Neustadt has argued that presidential power is the power to
but do not like a concentration of power	Americans want a strong president,
look back longingly on the great, powerful presidents	Americans tend to
35	According to the Constitution, a president must be at least ______ years of age.
Protestant	All presidents but one have been
at least 35 years old	According to the original Constitution, the president must be
One	How many presidents were political scientists?
Woodrow Wilson	Which president was a political scientist?
Warren harding	_____ was widely regarded to be the worst and most ineffective president.
come from a diversity of career experiences	Since World War II, U.S. presidents have
limited presidents to two terms of office	The twenty second amendment, passed in 1951,
the twenty-second Amendment	The two-term limit was placed on the presidency by
Harry Truman	_____ took over as president upon the death of Franklin Roosevelt in 1945, and eventually ordered the dropping of the atomic bombs on Japanese Cities
Lyndon Johnson	As president, _____ launched the "Great Society" at home while escalating the Vietnam War abroad.
Gerald Ford	Appointed to to the Vice Presidency in 1973 due to a vacancy, he was the only one to become president having run for neither the presidency or vice presidency in the preceding election.
Nixon	_____ was a Republican.
Richard Nixon	The only president to resign his office was
F	T/F: Most presidents have served two or more full terms.
Ronald Reagan	Prior to his election as president, _____ had been a well-known actor and served for two terms as governor of California.
indictment in criminal law	Impeachment is roughly the political equivalent of a(n)
a majority vote in the House	In order to impeach a president, it takes
indicted by the House	Impeachment of a president means that the president is
a two-thirds vote in the Senate	In order to convict and remove and impeached president, it takes
is tried by the senate	Once the House votes for impeachment, the president
Watergate	The scandal surrounding Richard Nixon's administration that led to impeachment hearings was known as
VP, Speaker, Pro Temp, Cabinet members in order	The order of succession to the presidency, should the president be unable to fulfill his or her duties is
created a means for filling vacancies in the VP	The twenty-fifth amendment, ratified in 1967,
the recuperated Pres can reclaim the Oval Office through a set procedure.	Under the terms of the twenty-fifth amendment, while the VP is serving as acting president,
the Pres nominates a replacement who is then confirmed by congress	According to the twenty-fifth Amendment, in the event of a vacancy in the vice presidency,
generally wanted a president with limited authority and responsibilities	The constitution framers
shared with other branches of government as part of the Madisonian system of checks and balances	The president's power can best be understood as
says remarkably little about presidential power	The constitution
checked those power that they believed to be most dangerous	In order to preserve the balance of power in government without jeopardizing the independence of the presidency, the framers
F	T/F: Can the pres enact legislation by issuing decrees?
two-thirds of the Senate	The Pres has the constitutional authority to make treaties with other nations, subject to the agreement of
have fewer responsibilities than today's presidency	The founding fathers envisioned a presidency that would
set a precedent for presidents to serve as world leaders	Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson
their power to appoint top-level administrators	A primary resource available to presidents for controlling the bureaucracy is
presidents have paid closer attention to appointing officials who will be responsive to the president's policies	In recent years,
preside over the senate and cast the deciding vote in the event of a tie	A constitutional duty of the vice president is to
has little responsibility	Traditionally, a vice president
consists of executive branch leaders who advise the president on policy and administer government departments	The president's cabinet
consists of the head of each executive department, plus any additional government officials the president designates	The presidential cabinet
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Congress	Cabinet-level executive departments are created by
must be confirmed by a majority of the senate	The head of each cabinet-level executive department is appointed by the president and
state	The cabinet department responsible for making foreign policy and handing treaty negotiation is
state and treasury	The two oldest cabinet departments are
homeland security	The newest cabinet department is
links the president's key foreign and military policy advisors	The National Security Council
political appointees and career officials.	The Office of Management and Budget is comprised of
policymaking bodies of the Executive Office of the President	The OMB, the NSC, and the Council of economic Advisors are
OMB	The budgetary implications of the president's budget are provided to the president by
OMB	The agency that review legislative proposals for the president is the
White House Staff	The part of the executive branch of government that the president sees daily and relies heavily on for information, policy options, and analysis is the
such that many aides equally participated in the decision-making process.	The system of White House management employed by President John Kennedy was
many aides with equal status balanced against one another in the decision-making process.	John F. Kennedy's "wheel-and-spokes" system of management was characterized by
the personal style of the president in office	The organization and importance of the White House staff depend on
to immerse himself in the details of policy and run an open white house, soliciting the advice of a large number of aides	President clinton's decision making style was
Ronald Reagan	The president who was known as the "consummate delegator" because he dispersed authority to his advisors was
to delegate	George W.Bush's management style is
can be overturned by a two-thirds vote of both the House and the Senate to override the veto.	A presidential veto of legislation passed by Congress
when Congress is adjourned	The pocket veto can only be used
report on the state of the union and veto acts of Congress	The Constitution gives the president the power to influence the legislative process through his responsibility to
Congress can override the veto by a two-thirds vote in both houses	When a president vetoes congressional legislation,
lets a bill die by neither signing nor vetoing it after Congress has adjourned	A pocket veto is the situation in which the president
F	T/F: Almost half of all vetoed bills have been overridden by Congress.
a 1996 law granting the president the authority to propose rescinding funds in appropriation bills was unconstitutional	In 1998, the Supreme Court ruled in Clinton v. City of New York that
the Supreme Court voided the decision	In 1996, Congress passed a law giving the president the authority to propose rescinding funds in appropriations bills. Later,
Lack of consensus on policy issues among party members	The primary obstacle to party unity in Congress is the
vote with their constituents	When Constituency opinion and the president's proposals conflict, members of Congress are more likely to
voters casting their ballots for congressional candidates of the president's party who will support the president	Presidential coattails refers to
a diminishing connection between voters' presidential and congressional voting	Recent election studies show
a congressional election that is not accompanied by a presidential election	A mid-term election is
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president's party typically loses seats	In mid-term elections, the
presidential coattails rarely affect elections	Most studies show that
Important, but usually at the margins on most policies	The impact of public approval or disapproval of the president on the support that the president receives in Congress is
public approval	The political resource that has the most potential to turn a situation of stalemate between the president and Congress into one supportive of the president's legislative proposals is
provides a cover for members of Congress to cast votes to which their constituents might otherwise object.	High public approval of the president
usually has a positive effect on	An elector mandate _____ the president's level of support in congress
consist of the perception that the voters strongly support the winner's positions.	Electoral mandates
F	T/F: Bargaining in the form of providing specific benefits for members of Congress is critical to creating presidential coalitions.
moving fast and setting priorities	According to the text, two strategies used successfully by President Reagan in achieving his objectives were
to set the agenda	The primary goal of the president's legislative strategy is usually
is especially important in influencing Congress's agenda	The president's role in the legislative process
no more successful in obtaining congressional support than those considered less adept at dealing with Congress	Studies have shown that once one takes into account the status of their party in Congress and their standing with the public, presidents renowned for their legislative skills are
PAC spending	The president's legislative skills compete with other factors influencing congressional voting, besides
extend diplomatic recognition to foreign governments	Among the president's constitutional powers as a maker of foreign policy is the power to
does not	The president _____ the power to declare war.
F	T/F: Senate approval of treaties negotiated by the president is almost automatic.
uses a legislative veto, which may violate the separation of powers	Some believe the War Powers Resolution could be successfully overturned by the Supreme Court because it
mandated the withdrawal of forces after sixty days unless Congress declared war or granted an extension.	The War Powers Resolution
Congress passed a resolution authorizing the president to use force against Iraq	During the 1991 Gulf War,
Congress passed a resolution authorizing the president to use force against Iraq	In the US showdown with Saddam Hussein in January 1991,
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