AG ch 14
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40 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 public policy | refers to the actions taken by the govt-its decisions that are intended to solve problemms and improve the quality of life for its citizens |
| building, formulation, adoption, implementation, evaluation and termination | stages for a policy betwen inception to conclusion |
| agenda building | before a policy can be created, a problem must exist that is called to the attn of the govt. ie illegal immigration, rise of crime, can new homes be built in a floodplain |
| formulation and adoption | 2 states of policy making, coming up with an approach to solivng a problem. then, the process continues iwth the acceptance. it is accepted when congress passes legislation, or the regulations become final, or the sc renders a decision in a case |
| implementation | _ or carryint out of policy is most often accomplished by institutions other than those that formulated and adopted it |
| policy formulation | means coming up with an approach to solving a problem (related to policy making) |
| evaluation | means determining how well apolicy is working and is no tan easy task. ppl inside and out of govt typically use cost benefit analysis to try to find the answer |
| cost benefit analysis | when decision makers weight the costs and benefits of apublic policy to decide whether it should be continued or changed |
| fragmentation (of policy) | the lack of coordinatioon among agencies responsible for implementing policy also contributes to this. the separation of powers checks and balances and federalism means that there is no one institution responsible for making policy and different groups have different views |
| pork barrel legislation | bills for the construction of major public works that benefit a particular district or state,, such as bridges, dams and highways or the establishment of military bases |
| logrolling | ex of _ often, reps from different states and even diff parties may agree to support each other's legislative agendas. a ny congressman may support a water project in arizona in return for his arizona colleague's vote on a mass transit appropriation for the northeast. it's a way of buiilding coalitions that may back a new policy direction |
| issue network | involves members of congress, committee staff, admin and regulatory agency directors and staff, lobbyists, exec dept officials, and scholars from both thea cademic world and so called think tanks who work on a specific policy. this is much more ocmplex than an iron triable, and the participants are often in conflict ins pite of their common area of interest |
| domestic, economic, and foreign | 3 broad areas of public policy |
| regulatory and social | 2 major categories in domestic policy |
| regulatory policy | the policy setting governmental regulations |
| regulatory policy | through this, the fed govt supervises the actions of individuals busiensses and govt institutions. historically, the desire for reg grew out of widespread unhappiness with the actions of profit making businesses |
| securities and exchange commission sec | commission that watches over the stock markets and stock transactions |
| epa | safeguards the environment (agency) |
| federal energy reg commission ferc occupational safety and health admin (osha) consumer product commission cpsc | 2 reg commissions for in response to the failure ob business to adequately respect its workers and customers , another exxample too |
| natiional transportaion safety board | ntsb, n agency reponsible for regulatory policy implementation |
| deregulation | begain in the 1970s and was based on the notioon that regulation was suppressing economic competition. seems to produce greater product innovation and more new company startups, but it also has resulted in the collapse or merger of inefficient large companies |
| social welfare policy | governmental policies intended to improve the causes and effects of poverty |
| social welfare policy | policy that deals with the causes and effects of povery. just as upton's sinclair's the junle 1906 brought the need for regulaation of the meatpacking industry to the public's attn, so did jacob riiis' how the other half lives 1890 focus attn on urban povery |
| the other america | book my michael harrington in the 1960s that reminded reeaders of the persistence of poverty |
| social security act | the first federal attempt to deal withpoverty came in 1935 with the _ |
| social securityprogram | under _ program , employers deduct money from the paychecks of their employees, match it with an equal amt of their own money, and then send it to the federal govt to provide for apension program |
| COLAs | cost of living adjustments guaranteeing that govt benefits increase with the inflation rate; generally inplace for program to help the lederly but not those to help families, children, or students |
| lyndon johnson | 's war on poverty focused on employment and health care for the elderly and the poor |
| economic opportunity act of 1964 | created teh jobs corp, the national youth corp, head start, and community action programs that the poor had a hand in running |
| medicare | enacted in 1965, provides basic health insurance and hospitalization coverage for ppl over the age of 65 and is paid for by bothworkers and retired persons |
| medicare | program providing medical benefits to the elderly; an immense and growin g portion of the federal budget |
| medicaid | under_, medical benefits for the poor are administered by state programs, with the fed govt paying for aportion of the cots |
| entitlements | the costs associated with such social welfare policies as social security and medicare, make up more tahn 50 perdcent of the fed budget. these costs increasea s more ppl become eligible for benefits a situation difficult to control bec it is very much tied to the aging of the population |
| 50% | entitelements, the costs associated with such welfare policies as social security and medicare, make up more than -percent of the federal budget. these csts increase as moreppl become eligible for beenifts, a situation difficult control bec it is very much tied to the aging of the population |
| aid to families with dependent children (AFDC) | aka welfare |
| temporary assistance for needy families tanf | clinton signed into law a republican measure replacing afdc with a new program called _, which was much more aggressive at forcing beneficiaries to find work |
| regulatory domestic policy | the food and drug admin fda is one example of an agency engaged in shaping |
| afdc | the temp assistance for needy families program was instituted to replace a costlier social welfare problem called |
| false (pay as you go) | the social security trust fund is where payroll taxes paid by workers are held until they retire and need the money |
| cost benefit | after a program has been inplace for some time, policymakers often perform a - analysis to determine whether it is worth the investment |
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