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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Crustaceans |  --- are the only arthropods with 2 pairs of antennae. |
| abdomen, regenerated |  Unlike insects, crustaceans have appendages on the ---. A lost appendage can be ---. |
| exchange, gills |  Small crustaceans --- gases across thin areas of the cuticle, but larger species have ---. |
| organs |  (Crustaceans) The circulatory system is open, with a heart pumping hemolymph through arteries into sinuses that bathe the ---. |
| diffusion, salt |  Crustaceans excrete nitrogenous wastes by --- through thin areas of the cuticle, but a pair of glands regulates the --- balance of the hemolymph. |
| swimming |  Most aquatic crustaceans go through one or more --- larval stages. |
| isopods, small |  One of the largest groups of crustaceans (about 10,000 species), the --- are mostly --- marine species. They also include wood lice. |
| copepods, protists |  (Crustaceans) The --- are among the most numerous of all animals. They are important members of marine and freshwater plankton communities, eating --- and bacteria, and being eaten by many fishes. |
| decapods |  Lobsters, crayfish, crabs, and shrimp are all relatively large crustaceans called ---. |
| carapace |  (Crustaceans) Decapods. The exoskeleton is hardened calcium carbonate; the portion that covers the dorsal side of the cephalothorax forms a shield called the ---. |
| planktonic |  The larvae of many larger-bodied crustaceans are also ---. |
| barnacles, appendages |  --- are sessile crustaceans with parts of their cuticles hardened into shells by calcium carbonate. They feed by using their --- to strain food from the water. |
| embryo |  The segmented bodies of arthropods, annelids, and certain other animals represent a special case of a more general phenomenon: the blocking-out of an --- into regions where certain body parts will develop. |
| organs |  In those phyla with segmented bodies, certain genes first determine the segmentation, and then genes of the Hox complex determine what --- will develop at each segment. |
| Hox |  Evolutionists say that it was the increase in --- gene number through gene duplications and mutations, along with the adaptation of this gene function for development of segmented bodies, that made it possible for a great diversity of complex animals to evolve. |
| Segmented, bilaterians | --- animals occur in all 3 major clades of ---: annelids are lophotrochozoans; arthropods are ecdysozoans; and chordates are deuterostomes. |
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