psych chapter 11 vocab
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mlsnelling94 on March 16, 2012
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26 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Stress | A state of psychological tension or strain |
| Adjustment | Any effort to cope with stress |
| Health psychology | A subfield of psychology concerned with the relationship between psychological factors and physical health and illness |
| Stressor | Any environmental demand that creates a state of tension or threat and requires change or adaptation |
| Pressure | A feeling that one must speed up, intensify, or change the direction of one's behavior or live up to a higher standard of performance |
| Frustration | The feeling that occurs when a person is prevented from reaching a goal |
| Conflict | Simultaneous existence of imcompatible demands, opportumities, needs, or goals |
| Approach/approach conflict | According to Lewin, the result of simultaneous attraction to two appealing possibilkties, neither of which has any negative qualities |
| Avoidance/avoidance conflict | According to Lewin, the result of facing a choice between two undesirable possibilities, neither of which has any positive qualities |
| Approach/avoidance | According to Lewin, the result of being simultaneously attracted to and repelled by the same goal |
| Confrontation | Acknowledging a stressful situation directly and attempting to find a solution to the problem or attain the difficult goal |
| Compromise | Deciding on a more realistic solution or goal when an ideal solution or goal is not practical |
| Withdrawal | Avoiding a situation when other forms of coping are not practical |
| Defense mechanisms | Self-deceptive techniques for reducing stress, including denial, repression, projection, identification, regression, intellectualization, reaction formation, displacement, and sublimation |
| Denial | Refusal to acknowledge a painful or threatening reality |
| Repression | Excluding uncomfortable thoughts, feelings, and desires from consciousness |
| Projection | Attributing one's repressed motives, feelings, or wishes to others |
| Identification | Taking on the characteristics of someone else to avoid feeling imcompetent |
| Regression | Reverting to childlike behavior and defenses |
| Intellectualization | Thinking abstractly about stressful problems as a way of detaching oneself from them |
| Reaction formation | Expression of exaggerated ideas and emotions that are the opposite of one's repressed beliefs or feelings |
| Displacement | Shifting repressed motives and emotions from an original object to a substitute object |
| Sublimation | Redirecting repressed motives and feelings into more socially acceptable channels |
| General adaptation syndrome (GAS) | According to Seyle, the three stages the body passes through as it adapts to stress: alarm reaction, resistance, and exhausion |
| Psychoneuroimmunology | A new field that studies the interaction between stress on the one hand and immune, endocrine, and nervous system activity on the other |
| Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) | Psychological disorder characterized by episodes of anxiety, sleeplessness, and nightmares resulting from some disturbing past event |
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