Ch.13 Vocab
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Created by:
ealaws1013 on March 18, 2012
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24 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Annexation | process of legally adding land area to a city. |
| Concentric zone model | model created by EW Burgess in 1923, which explains that a city grows outward from a central area in a series of concentric rings, like the growth rings on a tree. |
| Density gradient | density change in an urban area. |
| Edge city | city around a beltway that is a node of consumer and business services |
| Filtering | process of subdivision of houses and occupancy by successive waves of lower-income people. |
| Gentrification | process by which middle-class people move into deteriorated inner-city neighborhoods and renovate the housing. |
| Greenbelts | rings of open space. New housing is built in the older suburbs within the rings and planned extensions, small towns, and new towns are built beyond the rings. |
| MSA (metropolitan statistical area) | area studied using a method created by the US Bureau of the Census that measures the functional area of a city. |
| MSA (micropolitan statistical area) | smaller urban areas that the census has designated to include in part of their measure. |
| Multiple nuclei model | model created by CD Harris and EL Ullman in 1945, which explains that a city is a complex structure that includes more than one center around which activities revolve. |
| Peripheral model | model created by Chauncey Harris, which describes how an urban area consists of an inner city surrounded by large suburban residential and business areas tied together by a beltway or ring road. |
| Public housing | housing provided to low-income households, who pay 30% of their income as rent for the housing. |
| Redlining | drawing of lines on a map to identify areas in which banks will refuse to loan money. |
| Sector model | theory developed by land economist Homer Hoyt in 1939, which explains that a city develops in a series of sectors rather than rings. |
| Sprawl | what US suburbs are characterized by; the progressive spread of development over the landscape. |
| Squatter settlement | settlement where a large percentage of poor immigrants to urban areas in LDCs live because of a housing shortage. |
| Underclass | what inner-city residents are frequently referred to because they are trapped in an unending cycle of economic and social problems. |
| Urban renewal | something under which cities identify blighted inner-city neighborhoods, acquire the properties from private owners, relocate the residents and businesses, clear the site, and build new roads and utilities. |
| Zoning ordinances | rules developed in Europe and North America in the 20th century that encouraged spatial separation. They also prevented mixing of land uses within the same district. |
| Urbanization | An increase in the percentage and in the number of people living in urban settlements. |
| Urbanized area | In the United States, a central city plus its contiguous built-up suburbs. |
| Census Tract | An area deliniated by the us beureau of the census for which statisitcs are published; in urbanized areas, census tracts correspond roughly to neighborhoods |
| Rush Hour | The four consecutive 15 minute periods in the morning and evening with the heaviest volumes of traffic |
| Council of Government | A cooperative agency consisting of representatives of local governments in a metropolitan area in the United States. |
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