| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Gormless | beyond stupid |
| Microbiology | study of small life |
| Domains | kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species |
| Loba loba | wolf |
| how many species are there | 1.9 million |
| Taxonomy | names species |
| Kingdoms | plantae, animalia, fungi, archaebacterial, eubacteria, protista |
| Archaebacterial and Eubacteria | unicellular prokaryotes |
| Eubacteria | protozoans, photosynthesis, slim molds |
| Protozoans | animal cells- ingestions- from food |
| Photosynthesis | plant cells, algae |
| Slim Molds | fungal cells, absorption |
| Plantae | photosynthesis |
| Animalia | ingestion |
| Fungi | absorption |
| Plantae, Animalia and Fungi | multicellular eukaryotic |
| 2 Phyla | plantyhelminthes, Nematoda |
| Plantyhelminthes | flatworms (tape worms/ flukes) eggs larvae |
| Nematoda | Roundworms- eggs and larvae |
| Fungi | Spores and yeasts- single celled fungus |
| Plantae | Pollen |
| Viruses | not alive- no cells, but still count |
| Infectious Protein | Prions |
| Variolamajor | smallpox |
| Variolaminor | cowpox |
| Variolation | protection |
| How did the idea of spontaneous generation come about? | People came to believe that living organisms arise from nonliving matter because they would see flies coming out of manure and maggots coming out of dead animals and see microorganisms appear in liquids after a day or two |
| Biological Control of Pests | Certain microorganisms cuase disease in insects. Microorganisms that kill insects can be effective biological control agents because they are specific for the pest and do not persist in the environment |
| Recycling of Elements | Carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur and phosphorus are required for all living organisms. Microorganisms convert these elements into forms that are useful for other organisms. |
| Sewage treatment | Organic matter in sewage is decomposed by bacteria into carbon dioxide, nitrates, phosphates, sulfate and other inorganic compounds in a wastewater treatment plant |
| Human Insulin Productions | Recombinant DNA techniques have resulted in insertion of the gene for insulin production into bacteria |
| Vaccine Production | Microorganisms can be used as vaccines |
| Koch | germ theory of disease- streaking for isolation - mycobacterium tuberculosis |
| Neisser | Neissena gonorrheae |
| Hess | Ager media |
| Petri | petri dish |
| Ehrich | syphilis |
| 1928- Fleming | Penicillin- antibiotic- first to observe cells in plant material |
| 1970 | antibiotic resistance |
| Griffith | Transformation in bacteria |
| Lancefield | crystalized virus |
| Delbruck and Luna | viral infection of bacteria |
| Watson and Crick | DNA structure |
| Stewart | viral cause of cancer |
| 1992 | 6 kingdom |
| 1997 | prions and virons |
| Prokaryotic Cell | eubacteria and archae bacteria |
| All bacteria have | cytoplasm, nuclear area containing DNA, ribosome, cell, wall, plasma membrane |
| Ribosome Function | protein synthesis |
| DNA | codes for proteins |
| How did the idea of spontaneous generation come about? | many scientists and philosophers believed that some forms of life could arise spontaneously from nonliving matter, because they would see flies coming out of manure and maggots coming out of dead animals and see mecroorgansisms appear in liquids after a day or two |
| Algae | cell wall made of cellulose; photosynthetic |
| Bacteria | cell wall made of peptidoglycan |
| Fungi | cell wall made of chitin |
| Protozoa | complex cell structure lacking a cell wall |
| Viruses | not composed of cells |
| How did the theory of biogenesis lead the way for the germ theory of disease | it claimed that living cells can arise only from preexisting living cells, and the germ theory of disease is that microorganisms might cause disease |
| Hooke- 1665 | makes 1st microscope- 1st person to look at cells- "cork"- plant material |
| Van Leeuwenhoek | 1st observed living cells- animalquels |
| Linnaeus | nomenclature for organisms- genus species- 1735 |
| Jenner | 1st vaccine- smallpox |
| Pasteur | defined equation for fermentation- disproved spontaneous generation- swan neck flask- pasteurization |
| Pasteurization | kills pathogens |
| Normal Microbiota | microorganisms that are found in and on the human body. They do not usually cause disease and can be beneficial |
| Fermentaion | convert without oxygen |
| Lister | aseptic Surgery |
| Abbe | oil immersion lens |
| Gram | gram-staining procedure |
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