Genetics Vocabulary
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21 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 traits | the physical characteristics an individual/ organism has |
| inherited | traits that are passed down from parents to offspring |
| genetics | the scientific study of heredity |
| chromosomes | the nucleus has tiny rod-shaped bodies, made up of many genes |
| genes | a chromosome is made up of a chain of these, they pass on traits |
| DNA | compound that makes up genes |
| body cells | have paired chromosomes |
| 23 | each body cell has this number of pairs of chromosomes. |
| 46 | total number of chromosomes |
| gametes | have unpaired chromosomes (23) a human sperm or egg |
| alleles | the different forms of a gene |
| recessive allele | an allele whose trait is masked in the presence of a dominant allele. |
| hybrid | an organism with two different alleles for a trait |
| dominant allele | an allele whose trait is masked in the presence of a dominant allele. |
| Punnett Square | a chart that shows all the possible combinations of alleles that can result from a genetic cross |
| heterozygous | an organism that has two different alleles for a trait |
| genotype | an organism's that has two different alleles for a trait |
| codominance | inheritance pattern in which the alleles are neither dominant nor recessive |
| probability | the likelihood that a particular event will occur |
| homozygous | an organism that has two identical alleles for a trait. |
| phenotype | an organism's physical appearance |
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