BISC 102 Ch. 12 DNA Technology
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13 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Recombinant DNA Technology | mix DNA from 2 organisms -take DNA from 1 source; insert into host (transgenic) -->transgenic organism--> transgenic organism translates new DNA and produces protein |
| Genetically Modified (GM) Foods | -benefits-increase crop yield, pest resistance, herbicide tolerance -risks-food allergies, spread of pest resistance, spread of herbicide to wild plants |
| Bt Corn | contains a gene for pesticide from a bacteria (Bacilius Thuringiensis) (Bt toxin) -gene for Bt toxin-->corn-->corn produces Bt toxin |
| Golden Rice | transgenic; contains vitamin A (betacarotene) |
| Transgenic Farm Animals | new medicines/tissues |
| Transgenic Bacteria | human gene-->insert into bacteria ex: humulin-insulin produced by transgenic bacteria |
| Human Genome | complete set of genes -3.2 billions nucleotide base pairs long -20,000-30,000 gene -99.9% identical in all humans -98% does not code for protein |
| DNA Profiling | analyzing DNA samples to match to specific individuals -DNA samples isolated-->DNA copied by PCR--> DNA cut with restriction enzymes--> DNA fragments run out on gel |
| DNA Profiling Step 1 | isolate DNA sample ex: blood, saliva |
| DNA Profiling Step 2 | DNA amplified or copied -PCR (polymerase chain reaction) --uses DNA + nucleotides +DNA polymerase |
| DNA Profiling Step 3 | DNA cut apart with restriction enzymes; (from bacteria; cut at specific base sequences) |
| DNA Profiling Step 4 | DNA fragments compared on gel -gel electrophoresis |
| Gel Electrophoresis | sorts DNA based on size and charge |
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