Heart
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55 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Base | Portion of heart located under the second rib; contains aorta and pulmonary arteries |
| Apex | Pointed inferior portion of the heart located on left side at the 5th intercostal |
| Fibrous pericardium | Tough fibrous sac that surrounds and protects the heart |
| Parietal | Layer of pericardium lining the interior of the sac |
| Visceral | Layer of pericardium adhering to the surface of the heart |
| Endocardium | Innermost layer of heart tissue |
| Myocardium | Middle muscular layer of heart tissue |
| Epicardium | Another name for the visceral pericardium |
| Left | Ventricle that contains the thickest layer of myocardial tissue |
| Atria | Upper chambers of the heart |
| Ventricles | Lower chambers of the heart |
| Right atrium | Chamber that receives deoxygenated blood from the body |
| Tricuspid valve | Valve that separates right atrium from right ventricle |
| Bicuspid | Valve that separates left atrium from left ventricle |
| Mitral | Another name for the bicuspid valve |
| Aortic | Valve located within the aorta |
| Pulmonic | Valve located at the exit of the right ventricle |
| Right ventricle | Sends blood to the lungs via the pulmonary artery |
| Pulmonary artery | Artery connected to the right ventricle |
| Aorta | Large artery that receives blood from the left ventricle |
| Left atrium | Receives oxygenated blood from the lungs |
| Pulmonary vein | Empty into the left atrium |
| Left ventricle | Main pump of the systemic circulatory system |
| Septum | Muscular division between the right and left sides of the heart |
| Foramen ovale | Opening in the interatrial septum in utero |
| Fossa ovalis | Remnants of the foramen ovale |
| Chordae tendinae | Collagen fibers that connect cusps of AV valves to papillary muscles |
| Semi-lunar valves | Classification of aortic and pulmonic valves |
| Atrioventricular valves | Classification of tricuspid and bicuspid valves |
| Valves | Prevent blood from flowing backwards in the heart |
| Two | Number of cusps in bicuspid valve |
| Three | number of cusps in tricuspid valve |
| Coronary arteries | Blood vessels that supply the heart with oxygen and nutrients |
| Left anterior interventricular artery | Artery that supplies the anterior left ventricle and septum with oxygen |
| Widow maker | Nick name for the left anterior interventricular artery |
| Circumflex | Coronary artery that supplies lateral and posterio left ventricle |
| Right coronary artery | Supplies the right atrium and right ventricle |
| Diastole | Phase of the cardiac cycle in which coronary arteries fill |
| Coronary sinus | Drains deoxygenated blood from coronary arteries into right atrium |
| Automaticity | Property of cardiac cells; self excitable |
| SA node | primary pacemaker of the heart |
| AV node | Conductive tissue located at the atrioventricular junction |
| Bundle of HIS | Portion of the ventricular conduction system |
| Purkinjie fibers | Terminal fibers of the ventricular conduction system |
| 60-100 | Normal intrinisic rate of SA node |
| 40-60 | Intrinsic rate of AV node |
| < 40 | Rate of ventricular pacemakers |
| P wave | EKG wave that represents atrial depolarization |
| QRS complex | Complex of waves that represent ventricular depolarization |
| T wave | EKG wave that symbolizes ventricular repolarization |
| Relative refractory period | Phase of ventricular repolarization in which the heart can respond to external stimuli; Cause of commotio cordis |
| Commtio cordis | Sudden cardiac death caused by blow to the chest |
| Sympathetic | Branch of the autonomic nervous system that causes heart rate to increase |
| Parasympathetic | Branch of the autonomic nervous system that causes heart rate to decrease |
| Pericardial fluid | Fluid secreted by the pericardium that lubricates membranes |
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