| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Demaratus | detrhroned Spartan king who becomes Persian advisor |
| Alexander | reports Persian movements to the Greeks at Plataea |
| Arion | wily Greek musician who leaps on a dolphin |
| Hippias | rejected Athenian tyrant who goes to Persia |
| Plataea | site of the last major battle of the Persian War (479 BC) |
| Miltiades | leads the Greeks to victory at Marathon |
| Sosicles | Corinthian who argues against reinstating tyranny at Athens |
| Astyages | king who attempts to kill his own grandson |
| Candaules | Lydian king who is blinded by his passions and killed by his servant |
| Susa | capital of Persia |
| Cyrus | Persian ruler who takes Babylon, but loses his head |
| Pausanias | Spartan commander, victorious at Plataea, who feasts in Xerces' tent |
| Sparta | militaristic oligarchy and major Greek city-state |
| Solon | one of the seven wise men; he visits Croesus |
| Gyges | Lydian servant who takes the throne of his king |
| Cleomenes | Spartan king who commits suicide |
| Croesus | Lydian king renowned for his wealth |
| Darius | Persian tyrant who invades Greece |
| Histiaeus | traitor to Persia who loses his head |
| Themistocles | Athenian leader who begins and leads navy |
| Leonidas | brave general who dies for Sparta at Thermopylae |
| Hellespont | "gateway" between Asia and Europe |
| Cambyses | takes over after Cyrus; conquers Eygpt |
| Athens | radical democracy and major Greek city-state |
| Xerces | leads the third invasion of Greece, vowing revenge on Athens |
| Salamis | naval battle and Greek victory (480 BC) |
| Tomyris | queen of the Massagetae, murderer of Cyrus |
| Scythia | Darius fails to conquer this barbaric part of southern Russia |
| Pisistratus | Athenian tyrant who successfully stayed in power (though he was expelled a few times) |
| Harpagus | servant who, at a banquet, pays for his disobedience to his king |
| Ionia | area of Greek colonies that revolts against Persian rule |
Combine with other sets
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