Nursing Terminology
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Created by:
joycecurran on March 20, 2012
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Description:
All Aspects of nursing terminology dealing with Nursing profession.
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92 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Vertigo | Dizziness |
| Tinnitus | Ringing in the ears |
| Otitis Media | Infection of the middle ear |
| Meniere's Disease | Chronic diesease of the inner ear |
| Presbycusis | Inablility to hear high frequency sounds |
| Mental Health | A state of mind in which the person copes with and adjusts to the stress of everyday living by behavin in ways acceptable to society. |
| Defense Mechanisms | Unconscious reactions that block unpleasent or threatening feelings |
| Mental Illness | A disturbance in the ability to cope or adjust to stress behavior and function are impaired |
| Anxiety | A vague uneasy feeling in response to stress |
| Stress | a response or change in the body caused by an emotional physical, social or economic factor |
| Presbyopia | an age related decreased ability to focus on near objects |
| Cataracts | clouding of the lens |
| Glaucoma | accumulation of fluid inside the eye exerts pressure on the optic nerve eventually causing blindness |
| Macular Degeneration | A gradual loss of acute, central and color vision in the elderly |
| What are nursing measurs should you use with a patient who has trouble seeing? | Provide a safe environment, assist the patient to walk, provide emotional support, identify yourself when entering and leaving, do not shout at patient, promote independence, provide entertainment. |
| Paraplegia | Paralysis characterized by motor sensory loss in the lower limbs and trunk |
| Quadriplegia | Paralysis of the arms, legs and trunk of the body below the level of an accociated injury to the spinal cord. |
| Hemiplegia | Paralysis to on side of the body |
| What are some long term complications of paralysis? | 1. decubitus ulcers 2. urinary tract infections 3. urinary calculi 4. stiffening of joints |
| What are safety and security measures for infants? | 1. keep warm 2. use both hands to lift 3. do not place pillows, blankets, soft toys in crib 4. lay on backs to sleep 5. always restrain in a car seat |
| How many calories to young children need? | 1400-1800 per day |
| Confusion | being perplexed or disconcerted |
| Delirium | An acute mental disturbance that is characterized by confused thinking and disrupted attention usually accompanied by disordered speech and hallucinations. |
| Dementia | usually a progressive condition marked by deteriorated thinking and disrupted attention usually accompanied by emotional apathy |
| Depression | Psyhoneurotic or psyhotic disorder characterized by sadness, inactivity, difficulty in thinking and concertration, a significant increase or decrease in appetite and time spent sleeping, feelings of dejection and hopelessness and sometimes suicidal tendencies. |
| What are some behavioral management techniques you can use for the elderly? | 1. Psychosocial measures a. Reality Oreintation b. Validation Therapy c. Reminiscence d. Remotivation Therapy e. Resocialization 2. Pharmacotherapy a. Major tranquilizers b. Minor tranquilizers 3. Family support |
| Amputation | A total or partial removal of an extrmity |
| What is a prothesis? | Replacement of a missing body part by an artifical substitute. |
| What contitions warrant an amputation? | 1. inadequated tissue perfusion 2. severe trauma 3. malignant tumors 4. congenital deformities |
| Adaptive Behavior | Ability to cope with problems in ways cosidered appropriate by society |
| Maladaptive Behavior | Behavior used to cope with feeling and situations that are considered inappropraite to society |
| What are signs and symptoms of neglect? | 1. lack of adult supervision 2. malnourishment 3. unsafe living environment 4. untreated chronic illness |
| Abuse | intentional physical or emotional mistreatment or harm of another person |
| diabetes | a disturbance of the metabolism of carbohydrates and the use of glucose by the body |
| hypoglycemia | low blood sugar |
| hyperglycemia | high blood sugar |
| Type 1 Diabetes | Diabetes most common in children and young adults with a sudden onset, the pancrease does not produce insulin and requires daily insulin injections. |
| Type 2 Diabetes | Usually devlopes after age 40 and is hereditary and can be treated with diet and exercise. |
| Gestational Diabetes | Develops during pregnancy and usually goes away after the baby is born. |
| Tumor | A new growth of abnormal cells |
| Benign | Tumor that does not usually cause death |
| Malignant | cancerous tumor that can cause death if not treated or controlled. |
| Name the two ways a patient can be unconscious. | 1. stupor 2. coma |
| What are three ways a person can become unconsious? | 1. head injury 2. durg overdose 3.coma related to a disease process |
| How often should you reposition a unconscious patient? | Every two hours |
| What are some ways diet therapy can help delay the onset of AIDS? | 1. maintain high caloric intake 2. increase protein 3. offer bland soft of pureed foods 4. add thickening agents to liquids 5. add seasonings 6. encourage small frequent meals |
| Normal adult pulse rate | 60-100 bpm |
| normal adult respiration rate | 12-20 |
| normal adult blood pressure | systolic: 90-150 diastolic: 60-90 |
| What can be inside a glass thermometers | 1. mercery 2. alcohol |
| When is an oral temperature contraindicated? | 1. children under 6 2.mouth breathers 3.have had oral or nasal surgery 4. unconscious or irrational |
| What are seven ways you can describe the strength of a pulse? | 1. weak and regular 2. strong and regular 3. full and bouding 4. feeble 5. irregular 6. thready 7. absent |
| What are some abnormal respiration sounds? | 1. stertorous 2. snoring 3. gasping 4. labored 5. chocking 6. gurgling |
| Where can you take a blood preasure? | arm and thigh |
| How much higher do you pump the BP cuff after you can no longer ausculate the pulse? | 30 mm HG |
| What factor can effect your vital signs? | Pain |
| What do you use to determine orthostaic hypotension? | tilts |
| How long do you have the patient lay, sit and stand when takeing titls? | 3 min for each postion |
| Draw sheet method | transferring patient from a bed to a stretcher by grasping and pulling the loosedned bottom sheet of the bed |
| Fowler's Postion | postion where the patient is sitting |
| Active-Assistant exercises | performed by the patient with some help |
| Contracture | the permanently flexed joint that occurs with shortened muscel tissue. |
| Trendelenburg | Patient is laying with feet at a 45 degree angle above the head. |
| Dangling | Patient sittinf on the side of the bed with legs and feet over the side. Feet are supported by the floor or a foot stole. |
| When moving a patient to a wheelchair what side do you help on? | The strong side |
| Why would you use a stretcher to move a patient? | Becuase the patient is unable to sit in a wheelchair or geriatric chair. |
| What temp do you not go over in a patients bath? | 105 degrees F |
| When do you use a bedside commode? | When the patient can get out of bed but is to weak to walk to the bathroom |
| At what angle do you place a wheelchair next to a commode? | 90 |
| Where do you position a wheelchair next to a car? | the passenger side |
| How often should you change a patients posistion? | 2 hours |
| What are three ambulation aids? | Walkers, canes, crutches |
| How low to the axilla should the pads of the crutches be? | 1.5-2 inches |
| What are some common problems associated with inactivity? | 1. Respiratory complications 2. Constipation 3. Contractures and atrophy 4. Boredom |
| What does range of motion exercises do for you patient? | 1. maintain muscle and joint function 2. prevent muscle deterioration or atrophy 3. prevent musculosketal changes 4. prevent pooling of blood in viens |
| What can blood pooling in the viens cause? | 1. phlebitis- inflammation of the vien 2. Embolus- blood clot moving in the blood stream 3. throbus- statinary blood clot 4.thrombophlebitisp inflammation of a vien assoicated with thrombus |
| Where do you support an extremity when moving it? | Above and below the joint. |
| What must you document when you have completed ROM on a patient? | 1. Type of ROM exercise 2. the body part(s) exercised 3. lenth of time, reps, or sets done 4. patients tolerance of the procedure. |
| When applying a cast what must be done with the affected limb? | It must be elevated |
| what must you look for in affected fingers and toes of a casted limb? | Cirulatory compromise or nerve damage. |
| What could drainage and ordor on a cast be a sign of? | infection |
| What do you record on a neurological circulation check sheet? | 1. skin temprature of distal finger and toes 2. pressence of quailty of distal pulse 3. movement 4. sensation in fingers or toes 5. color of fingers or toes |
| What can you use a stethoscope for? | To listen to the heart, lungs, abdomen, bowels and blood preasure. |
| If you think the is a vision problem what would you use to evaluate it? | A snellen chart. |
| What does a back massage convey? | Carring. Done for about 3-5 minutes |
| How do you help minimize embarrassment when cleaning a patients groin? | By using a professional and dignified attitued. |
| How would you clean a female patient's groin? | What from front to back and pat dry. |
| When do you not use a safety razor on a patient? | 1. receiving anticoagulant 2. undergoing chemotherapy 3. on high aspirin therapy |
| How often to you rinse a razor? | Every 2-3 strokes |
| Who can trim a diabetic patient's toenail? | A nurse or physicain |
| What is the purpose of a bath for a patient? | 1. cleans the patient 2. promotes comfort 3. stimulates circulation |
| If the patient does not require assistance what should you do? | Give them privacy |
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