Physics Practice Questions- Chapter 11: Atomic Nature of Matter
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so_sew on March 20, 2012
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Physics 130 Test 3 Chapters 11-14
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44 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 two | 1) How many different elements are in a water molecule? A) one B) two C) three D) four E) none |
| neutron | 2) Which of the following are electrically neutral? A) proton B) neutron C) electron D) ion E) none of these |
| the whole world | 3) There are about as many atoms of air in our lungs at any moment as there are breaths of air in the atmosphere of A) a large auditorium. B) a large city. C) the United States. D) the whole world. E) none of these |
| thermonuclear fusion | 4) Atoms heavier than helium were made by A) photosynthesis. B) thermonuclear fusion. C) radiant energy conversion. D) radioactivity. E) none of these |
| a carbon atom | 5) An atomic mass unit (amu) is 1/12 the mass of A) an electron. B) a proton. C) a hydrogen atom. D) a carbon atom. E) a uranium atom. |
| still not be able to see or photograph an atom | 6) If we doubled the magnifying power of the most powerful optical microscope in the world, we would A) be able to see individual atoms. B) be able to photograph individual atoms, even though we couldn't see them. C) still not be able to see or photograph an atom. |
| uranium | 7) Which of these atoms has the most mass? A) hydrogen B) iron C) lead D) uranium E) All have the same mass. |
| Molecules are the smallest subdivision of matter that still retains chemical properties of a substance | 8) Which of these statements is true? A) A molecule is the smallest particle that exists. B) Chemical elements are made up of about 100 distinct molecules. C) Molecules form atoms that in turn determine chemical properties of a substance. D) Molecules are the smallest subdivision of matter that still retains chemical properties of a substance. E) None of these statements is true. |
| There are only about 100 different kinds of atoms that combine to form all substances | 9) Which of the following statements is true? A) An atom is the smallest particle known to exist. B) There are only about 100 different kinds of atoms that combine to form all substances. C) There are thousands of different kinds of atoms that account for a wide variety of substances. D) A large atom can be photographed with the aid of an ordinary microscope. E) None of these statements are true. |
| the number of protons | 10) What makes an element distinct? A) the number of protons B) the number of neutrons C) the number of electrons D) the total mass of all the particles E) none of these |
| random motions of atoms and molecules | 11) Brownian motion has to do with the A) size of atoms. B) atomic vibrations. C) first direct measurement of atomic motion. D) random motions of atoms and molecules. E) rhythmic movements of atoms in a liquid. |
| air | 12) Which of the following is not a compound? A) air B) ammonia C) water D) salt E) All are compounds. |
| None. All of the above choices are mixtures. | 13) Which of the following is not a mixture? A) granite B) cake C) air D) beach sand E) None. All of the above choices are mixtures. |
| orbital electrons | 14) In an electrically neutral atom, the number of protons in the nucleus is balanced by an equal number of A) neutrons. B) quarks. C) orbital electrons. D) all of these E) none of these |
| a quark | 15) The smallest particle of those listed below is A) a molecule. B) an atom. C) a proton. D) a neutron. E) a quark. |
| all of these | 16) A molecule has A) mass. B) structure. C) energy. D) all of these E) none of these |
| of electrical forces | 17) Solid matter is mostly empty space. The reason solids don't fall through one another is because A) atoms are constantly vibrating, even at absolute zero. B) of nuclear forces. C) of gravitational forces. D) of electrical forces. E) none of these |
| electrical force | 18) A force that determines the chemical properties of an atom is a(n) A) friction force. B) nuclear force. C) gravitational force. D) electrical force. E) none of these |
| lead | 19) Which has the greatest number of protons in its nucleus? A) gold. B) mercury. C) lead. D) silver. |
| all of these | 20) The air in this room has A) mass. B) weight. C) energy. D) all of these E) none of these |
| the same | 21) Compared to the energy it takes to separate oxygen and hydrogen from water, the amount of energy given off when they recombine is A) slightly more. B) slightly less. C) much more. D) much less. E) the same. |
| given off by the reaction | 22) When carbon and oxygen atoms combine, energy is A) taken in by the reaction. B) given off by the reaction. C) not involved. |
| the astronaut and an equal amount of the planet would both annihilate | 23) If an astronaut landed on a planet made of antimatter, there would be an explosion and A) the planet would annihilate. B) an amount of planet matter equal to that of the astronaut would annihilate. C) the astronaut would annihilate. D) the astronaut and an equal amount of the planet would both annihilate. |
| short-lived | 24) In our part of the universe, antimatter is A) non-existent. B) plentiful. C) short-lived. D) long-lived. |
| single breath | 25) Assuming all the atoms exhaled by Julius Caesar in his last dying breath are still in the atmosphere, then we probably breathe one of those atoms with each A) single breath. B) day. C) month. D) ten years. E) It depends - some people still breathe a few of Caesar's atoms every day, while others wouldn't breathe one for an entire year. |
| ancient stars | 26) Nuclei of atoms that make up a newborn baby were made in A) the mother's womb. B) the food the mother eats before giving birth. C) ancient stars. D) the Earth. E) none of these |
| the same age | 27) Compared to the atoms that make up the body of an elderly person, the atoms that make up the body of a newborn baby are A) newer. B) actually older. C) the same age. |
| mostly empty space themselves | 28) The reason a granite block is mostly empty space is that the atoms in the granite are A) in perpetual motion. B) mostly empty space themselves. C) held together by electrical forces. D) not as close together as they could be. E) invisible. |
| protons | 29) The weight of matter comes mostly from its A) protons. B) electrons. C) neutrons |
| electrons | 30) The volume of matter comes mostly from its A) protons. B) electrons. C) neutrons |
| electrons | 31) The chemical properties of matter come mostly from its A) protons. B) electrons. C) neutrons. |
| 16 times as great | 32) Compared to the mass of a hydrogen atom, the mass of an oxygen atom is A) 8 times as great. B) 12 times as great. C) 16 times as great. D) appreciably more than 16 times as great. |
| both the same | 33) In a closed bottle are a certain number of hydrogen molecules. In an identical closed bottle at the same temperature and internal pressure are a certain number of nitrogen molecules. The bottle with the greater number of molecules is the one containing A) hydrogen. B) nitrogen. C) both the same |
| anti-hydrogen | 34) A positron orbiting an antiproton would make up an atom of A) positronium. B) unobtainium. C) anti-helium. D) anti-hydrogen. E) none of these |
| 999 grams | 35) If a gram of antimatter meets a kilogram of matter, the amount of mass to survive is A) 1 gram. B) 999 grams. C) 1 kilogram. D) 1.1 kilogram. |
| 18 amu | 36) What is the molecular mass of a water molecule? A) 10 amu B) 12 amu C) 15 amu D) 18 amu E) None of these. It depends on the temperature. |
| carbon | 37) If two protons are removed from an oxygen nucleus, the result is A) nitrogen. B) carbon. C) helium. D) neon. E) positively charged oxygen. |
| None of the above is true | 38) To change mercury into gold, a pair of protons must be A) removed from the mercury nucleus. B) added to the mercury nucleus. C) removed from the gold nucleus D) added to the gold nucleus. E) None of the above is true. |
| fluorine | 39) If two protons are added to an oxygen nucleus, the result is A) heavy oxygen. B) fluorine. C) neon. D) sodium. E) nitrogen. |
| beryllium | 40) If a pair of helium nuclei are fused together, the result is A) helium isotope. B) lithium. C) beryllium. D) boron. E) carbon. |
| helium | 41) If one neutron is added to a helium nucleus, the result is A) hydrogen. B) boron. C) lithium. D) beryllium. E) helium. |
| 2 | 42) How many protons should be added to the nuclei of oxygen atoms so the resulting gas will glow red when there is an electric current through it? A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 E) But protons will have to be subtracted, not added. |
| uranium | 43) Which of these atoms has the greatest amount of electrical charge in its nucleus? A) helium B) carbon C) iron D) gold E) uranium |
| uranium | 44) Which of these atoms has the greatest number of electrons? A) helium B) carbon C) iron D) gold E) uranium |
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