Odyssey Character Review
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Created by:
Leilanic23 on March 20, 2012
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By Leila :)
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128 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Mentor | Odysseus' friend that helps Prince Telemachus (is really athena) |
| Athena | Goddess of wisdom, aids Odysseus and Telemachus disguised in many different forms, the bright eyed goddess, pallas |
| Penelope | Wife of Odysseus, mother of Telemachus, plague by suitors |
| Antinous | suitor who plagues Penelope |
| Eurymachus | another suiter who plagues Penelope |
| Eurycleia | Nanny who raised Telemachus, and oaths to not tell of Telemachus' voyage to Penelope |
| Zeus | Ruler of all gods, and god of earth |
| Nestor | King of pylos, father of Pisistratus, son of Neleus |
| Menelaus | king of sparta, the red haired king |
| pisistratus | son of nestor, accompanies Telemachus on journey |
| Agamemnon | Leader of Ithaca in Trojan war, returns to be killed by wife and her new lover, (Aegisthus and Orestes) |
| Helen | queen of troy, war fought over her, wife of menelaus |
| Eidothea | goddess who helps menelaus question shape shifter |
| Proteus | goddess who traps Menelaus after trojan war |
| xenia | hospitality (in greek) |
| Hermes | the giant killer, messenger of the gods, |
| calypso | Odysseus' captor, holds him for 7 years, goddess |
| Leacothea/Ino | goddess who gives scarf of immortality to O, and helps him when Poseidon attempts to kill O |
| Alcinous | king of Phaeacians, on island of Scheria, husband to Arete |
| Arete | wife to alcinous, mother to Nausicaa, white armed queen, queen of scheria, |
| Nausicaa | daughter of Alcinous and arete, helps Odysseus reach Scheria, and gives him helpful instructions to get help |
| Laodamas | prince in Scheria who challenges Odysseus kindly in sport (Playfully) |
| Broadsea | wing man of Laodamas, taunts Odysseus to accept challenge |
| Demodocus | blind bard of Scheria, resembles Homer |
| Lotus eaters | people who are "drugged" and have no sense of time or reality, because they eat lotuses |
| Polyphemus | Cyclops blinded by Odysseus, son of Poseidon |
| Poseidon | father of Polythemus, does not like Odysseus, (Greek mythology) the god of the sea and earthquakes in ancient mythology |
| Eurylochus | shipmate of O, does first scout on Circe's island |
| Elpenor | drunken shipmate of O, on Circe's island who forgets he sleeps on a roof and plummets to his death by breaking his neck |
| Aeolus | King of Aeolia, can control winds |
| Antiphates | king of Lauestygonia Cannibalistic Giants |
| Moly | magical root hermes gives O, to protect him from Circe's poisons |
| Circe | a witch-goddess, who turns O's men into swines, is sexist toward men, and hosts O and his men for a year on her island |
| Tiresias | blind prophet on House of Death (island place) |
| Clymenestra | wife of Agamemnon, kills him for lover |
| Pylos | King is Nestor, first stop for Telemachus |
| Laertes | Odysseus' father, husband to Anticlea |
| Cronus | God of universe, Zeus' father |
| Sychlla | twelve footed 6 headed monster who lives on a tall crag |
| Argos | odysseus' dog |
| Eumaeus | loyal swine herder |
| polybus | dad of eurymachus CHECK |
| achilles | son of peleus and thetis, grandson of aeacus and commander of the Myrmidons, Achaean allies at troy |
| Alexander the Great | son of Philip II; received military training in Macedonian army and was a student of Aristotle; great leader; conquered much land in Asia Minor, Syria, Egypt, and Mesopotamia; goal was to conquer the known world |
| Anticlea | mother of odysseus, wife of laertes, daughter of autolycus |
| Archaic Age | 800 BC - 480 BC check |
| Argos | Odysseus' dog |
| Aristotle | Pupil of Plato, questioned nature of world, human belief, thought and knowledge, inventedbasic scientific method steps, opened school in athens called lyceum |
| Athens | the great city of Athena, a city |
| Bronze Age | 3000bc to 1150 bc |
| Charybdis | monster in the form of a giant whirlpool, across from Scylla |
| Cleisthenes | An aristocrat, created a council of 500 and helped from Athenian democracy 500bc, broke power on nobility(wealth) |
| Darius I | king of Persia who expanded the empire and invaded Greece but was defeated at the Battle of Marathon (550-486 BC) |
| Dark Age/Doric Age | 1150bc to 750 bc |
| Delian League | alliance of greek citystates against persia invasion |
| Democritus | presented theory of atoms, philosopher 460-370 BC |
| Elpenor | shipmate of odysseus, when drunk fell off roof and died |
| Epic | a long narrative poem telling of a hero's deeds |
| epic hero | the main character or protagonist in an epic that heroically larger than life, often the source and subject of a legend or a national hero=odysseus |
| freewill | done of your own accord |
| fate | an event (or a course of events) that will inevitably happen in the future |
| Golden Age of Greece | 477 to 431 of athens, 5th century BC, advances in science, math philosiphy, art, theatre, architecture, politics, |
| hamartia | the character flaw or error of a tragic hero that leads to his downfall |
| Hector | (Greek mythology) a mythical Trojan who was killed by Achilles during the Trojan War, Prince of Troy; Killed by Achilles |
| Helios | sun god |
| Hellenistic Culture | Greek culture blended with Egyptian, Persian and Indian ideas, as a result of Alexander the Great's Empire. CHECK |
| Herodotus | the ancient Greek known as the father of history his accounts of the wars between the Greeks and Persians are the first known examples of historical writing (425-485 BC) 1st work of history |
| Homer | author of book |
| hubris | excessive pride or self-confidence |
| humanism | a philosophy in which interests and values of human beings are of primary importance |
| Irus | Younger beggar who comes in and challenges Odysseus to a boxing match. He is beaten with one punch. true name is Arnaeus, ithacan beggar |
| ithaca | odysseus town, ionian island |
| justice | the quality of being just or fair |
| Laestrygonians | giants of laestygonia, legendary clan of giant cannibals |
| Lotus Eaters | people who eat Lotus plant and which makes them slow paced and spacy, people who feed Odysseus's men lotus plants to make them forget Ithaca |
| Minoans | earliest Greek civilization that had developed on the island of Crete by 2000 B.C. conquered by mycnaeans |
| Natural Philosophy | the science of matter and energy and their interactions |
| Nestor | King of Pylos, father to Pisistratus, oldest of Achean chiefs |
| Nobody | nickname Odysseus uses to trick Polyphemus |
| Odysseus | epic hero, father of Telemachus, husband of Penelope, warrior at troy who's idea ended and wom war |
| Odyssey | a long wandering and eventful journey |
| Odyssey Themese | CHECK NOTES |
| Ogygia | Calypso's island |
| Oracle of Delphi | someone who speaks in tongues as greek god and prophecizes for greeks, , (Greek mythology) the oracle at Delphi where a priestess supposedly delivered messages from Apollo to those who sought advice |
| Paris | suitor, Son of the king of Troy (Priam), would lead to the death of the Trojans, prince of Troy, abducts Helen from Sparta, begins and is the cause of the war |
| Parthenon | the main temple of the goddess Athena |
| Peloponnesian Wars | fought between sparta and athens 1st=truce from plague and no spartan entry for attack, Sparta won in end athens surrendered |
| Pericles | introduced direct democracy, fought &led at battle of Salams (persian war)used $$ from delian league to increase athens appearance power and prosperty, strengthen navy made everyone equal to participate in law |
| Persian Wars | Conflicts between Greek city-states and the Persian Empire, ranging from the Ionian Revolt (499-494 B.C.E.) through Darius's punitive expedition that failed at Marathon. Chronicled by Herodotus. (131) Greece won |
| Philip I | father of Alexander the Great and Greek king of Macedonia |
| Philoetius | cowherd loyal to Odysseus |
| Plato | philospher, student of socrates, wrote the Republic, introduced vision of ideal society, opened school called Academy, open for 900 yrs, writings influenced philosophical thought in europe for 1500 yrs |
| polis | greek city state |
| pride | a feeling of self-respect and personal worth |
| Protagorus | a sophist philosopher, quiestioned unexamined beliefs and ideas about justice and other traditional value, questioned existence of greek gods |
| revenge | action taken in return for an injury or offense |
| Scheria | The island of the Phaeacians where King Alcinous gives Odysseus assistance to make the last sail to Ithaca |
| Scylla | (Greek mythology) a sea nymph transformed into a sea monster who lived on one side of a narrow strait drowned and devoured sailors who tried to escape Charybdis (a whirlpool) on the other side of the strait had 6 heads-monster |
| Sirens | sea nymphs whose beautiful and mysterious music lures sailors to steer their ships toward dangerous rocks |
| Socrates | critic of sohpists, believed absolute standards did ecist for truth and justice, challeneged greeks to question themselves and moral character, died from drinking hemlock (poison) when accused in jury |
| Sparta | greek city state that is focused on strong military and power, discouraged arts |
| suitors | men who live in Odysseus' home in Ithaca and wish to marry Penelope |
| Telemachus | son of penelope and Odysseus who is prince of Ithaca |
| Thales | a presocratic Greek philosopher and astronomer (who predicted an eclipse in 585 BC) who was said by Aristotle to be the founder of physical science first natural philosopher |
| Themistocles | Anthenian leader who won persian wars until ostracized (exiled) to wander persia , Athenian statesman who persuaded Athens to build a navy and then led it to victory over the Persians (527-460 BC) |
| Theoclymenus | prophet who predicts Odysseus' arrival home, , son of Polypheides, was an exiled prophet from Argos; killing one of his relatives. He fled to Pylos and sought refuge aboard the ship of Telemachus |
| Tieresius | lives in Hades, blind prophet who tells Odysseus how to get home and how to get Poseidon's acceptance |
| Trojan Horse | hollow wooden horse filled with Greek men that won Trojan war- thought of by Odysseus |
| Troy | where trojan war was fought, , city where Paris takes Helen |
| Ulysses | another name for odysseus (roman name) |
| Underworld | world of the dead, Hades |
| Xerxes | son of Darius; became Persian king. He vowed revenge on the Athenians. He invaded Greece with 180,000 troops in 480 B.C. |
| xenia | hospitality |
| zeus | (Greek mythology) the supreme god of ancient Greek mythology, father of Athena |
| Aeolus | god of the winds in ancient mythology |
| Thales | 1st natural philospher |
| democritus | atoms theory |
| protagoras | sohhists, questioned gods |
| Aeschylus | dramatist who wrote tragedies, |
| sohpocles | tragedies oedipus the king and antigone |
| euripides | drama, tragedies, medea, powerful woman |
| aristophanes | comedy writer from 1st great comides |
| Thucydides | greatest historian, reocurrence of politics and events |
| pericles | direct democracy, salamis of persian wars, glorified athens |
| hippocrates | medicince |
| socrates | critic of sophists, question moral character |
| plato | student of socrates, ideal society |
| aristotle | pupilk of plato, nature world human beliefe and though and knowlwnedfe |
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