| Term | Definition |
|---|
| A stained bacterial smear | compound light microscope |
| Unstained bacterial cells when the cells are small and no detail is needed | darkfield microscope |
| Unstained live tissue when it's desirable to see some intracellular detail | phase- contrast microscope |
| A sample that emits light when illuminated with ultraviolet light | fluorescence microscopy |
| Intracellular detail of a cell that is 1mm long | electron microscope |
| Viruses | electron microscope |
| Why do basic dyes stain bacterial cells | colored positive ion in a basic dye is attracted to the negatively charged bacterial cells |
| Why don't acidic dyes stain bacterial cells | the dyes negative ions are repelled by the negatively charged bacterial surface so the stian colors the background instead |
| Why is a mordant used in the gram stain | to increase teh affinity of a stain for a biological specimen another is to coat a structure to make it thicker and easier to see after it is stained with a dye |
| What is the purpose of a counterstain in the acid-fast stain | a counterstain stains the colorless non-acid fast cells so that they are easily seen through a microscope |
| What is the purpose of a decolorizer in the Gram stain | removes the purple from the cells of some species but not from others |
| What is the purpose of a decolorizer in the endospore | to remove the malachite green from all of the cells parts except the endospores |
| What is the purpose of a decolorizer in the acid-fast stain | removes the color from non-acid-fast cells |
| In the endospore stain, safranin is the | counterstain |
| In the gram stain, safranin is the | counterstain |
| In the gram stain, ethyl alcohol is the | decolorizer |
| In the acid-fast stain, the carbol fuschin is the | primary |
| In the endospore stain the malachite green is the | primary |
| Simple Stain | highlight the entire microorganism so that cellular shapes and basic structures are visible |
| Differential Stain | bacteria are the gram stain and the acid-fast stain |
| Negative Stain | observing overall cell shapes, sizes and capsules |
| Flagella Stain | to demonstrate teh presence of flagella |
| Crystal Violet Gram + Cells | purple |
| Crystal Violet Gram - Cells | purple |
| Gram's Iodine Gram + Cells | Purple |
| Gram's Iodine Gram - Cells | Purple |
| Ethyl Alcohol Gram + Cells | Purple |
| Ethyl Alcohol Gram - Cells | colorless |
| Safranin Gram + Cells | Purple |
| Safranin Gram - Cells | red |
| Why isn't the Gram stain used on acid fast bacteria | teh acid-fast stain is specifically used to identify bacteria that possess a waxy lipid within the structure of their cell walls. Due to the presence of this lipid, water-based stains, such as the gram stain, so not work well on acid-fast organisms. |
| If you did gram stain acid fast bacteria, what would their gram reaction be | nothing |
| what is the gram reaction of non-acid fast bacteria | gram positive |
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