1.
1st & 2nd Anglo Powhatan Wars: Name of two wars, fought in 1614 and 1644, between the English in Jamestown and the nearby Indian leader
2.
Barbados Slave Code of 1661: The harsh system of laws governing African labor, first developed in Barbados and later officially adopted by South Carolina in 1696
3.
Charter: Royal document granting a specified group the right to form a colony and guaranteeing settlers their rights as English citizens
4.
Elizabeth I: The unmarried ruler who permanently established English Protestantism and fought the Catholic Spanish
5.
Georgia: Founded as a refuge for debtors by philanthropists
6.
Indentured Servants: Penniless people obligated to engage in unpaid labor for a fixed number of years, usually in exchange for passage to the New World or other benefits
7.
Ireland: Nation where English Protestant rulers employed brutal tactics against the local Catholic population
8.
Iroqois: Powerful Indian confederation that dominated New York and the eastern Great Lakes area; comprised of several peoples (not the Algonquians)
9.
Jamaica & Barbados: British West Indian sugar colonies where large scale plantations and slavery took root
10.
James Oglethorpe: Philanthropic soldier statesman who founded the Georgia colony.
11.
Jamestown: Riverbank site where Virginia Company settlers planted the first permanent English colony
12.
Lord Baltimore: The Catholic aristocrat who sought to build a sanctuary for his fellow believers
13.
Lord De La Warr: Harsh military governor of Virginia who employed "Irish tactics" against the Indians
14.
Maryland: Founded as a haven for Roman Catholics
15.
North Carolina: Colony that was called "a vale of humility between two mountains of conceit"
16.
Philip II's "Invincible Armada": Naval invaders defeated by English "sea dogs" in 1588
17.
Powhatan: Indian leader who ruled tribes in the James River area of Virginia
18.
Raleigh & Gilbert: Elizabethan courtiers who failed in their attempts to found New World colonies.
19.
Rice: The primary plantation crop of South Carolina
20.
Roanoke: The failed "lost colony" founded by Sir Walter Raleigh
21.
Roanoke Island: Island colony founded by Sir Walter Raleigh that mysteriously disappeared in the 1580s
22.
Royal Colony: Term for a colony under direct control of the English king or queen
23.
Savannah: A melting-pot town in early colonial Georgia
24.
Smith & Rolfe: Virginia leader "saved" by Pocahantas and the prominent settler who married her
25.
South Carolina: The only southern colony with a slave majority
26.
South Carolina: Colony that turned to disease-resistant African slaves for labor in its extensive rice plantations.
27.
Squatters: Poor farmers in South Carolina and elsewhere who occupied land and raised crops without gaining title to soil
28.
The Joint Stock Company: Forerunner of the modern corporation that enabled investors to pool financial capital for colonial ventures
29.
Tobacco: The primary staple crop of early Virginia, Maryland and North Carolina
30.
Virginia: Colony that established a House of Burgesses in 1619