| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Volcano | a mountain built of cooled lava, volcanic ash, cinders, and rock |
| Volcanic eruptions | are constructive Earth processes in that they add new rock to existing land; explosive eruptions can also be destructive |
| Magma | liquid rock from the mantle that rises to Earth's surface |
| Lava | liquid rock, magma, that flows out onto Earth's surface |
| Vent | the opening in a volcano where magma flows out |
| Tension | forces that pull rocks apart |
| Shearing | forces that push on rocks from either side of faults causing them to push |
| Compression | a force that pushes on rocks from opposite directions |
| Normal fault | a break in the rock caused by tension forces |
| Reverse fault | a break in the rock caused by compression forces |
| Thrust fault | a break in the rock caused by shearing forces |
| Fault-block mountain | forms if normal faults uplift a section of rock |
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