2012 First Aid - Classic/Relevant Treatments
Order by
90 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
| Absence seizures | Ethosuximide |
| Acute gout attack | NSAIDs, colchicine |
| Acute promyelocytic leukemia (M3) | All-trans retinoic acid |
| ADHD | Methylphenidate, amphetamines |
| Alcohol abuse | AA + disulfiram for patient and Al-Anon for family |
| Alcohol withdrawal | Benzodiazepines |
| Anorexia | SSRIs |
| Anxiety | Buspirone |
| Arrhythmia in damaged cardiac tissue | Class IB antiarrhythmic (lidocaine, mexiletine, tocainide) |
| B12 deficiency | B12 |
| Benign prostatic hyperplasia | Tamsulosin, finasteride |
| Bipolar disorder | Lithium, valproate, carbamazepine (mood stabilizers) |
| Breast cancer in postmenopausal woman | Aromatase inhibitor |
| Buerger's disease | Smoking cessation |
| Bulimia | SSRIs |
| Candida albicans | Amphotericin B (systemic), nystatin (oral thrush, esophagitis) |
| Carcinoid syndrome | Octreotide |
| Chlamydia trachomatis | Doxycycline (+ ceftriaxone for gonorrhea coinfection), erythromycin eye drops (prophylaxis in infants) |
| Chronic gout | Probenecid (underexcretor), allopurinol (overproducer) |
| Chronic hepatitis | IFN-α |
| Chronic myelogenous leukemia | Imatinib |
| Clostridium botulinum | Antitoxin |
| Clostridium difficile | Oral metronidazole |
| Clostridium tetani | Antitoxin + vaccine booster + diazepam |
| Crohn's disease | Corticosteroids, infliximab |
| Cryptococcus neoformans | Fluconazole (prophylaxis in AIDS patients) |
| Cystic fibrosis | N-acetylcysteine + antipseudomonal prophylaxis (tobramycin/azithromycin) |
| Cytomegalovirus | Ganciclovir |
| Depression | SSRIs (first-line) |
| Diabetes insipidus | Central: desmopressin Nephrogenic: hydrochlorothiazide, indomethacin, amiloride |
| Diabetes mellitus type 1 | Dietary intervention (low-sugar) + insulin replacement |
| Diabetes mellitus type 2 | Dietary intervention, oral hypoglycemic, and insulin (possible) |
| Diabetic ketoacidosis | Fluids, insulin, K+ |
| Enterococci | Vancomycin/ampicillin + aminoglycoside |
| Erectile dysfunction | Sildenafil |
| Estrogen receptor (ER) positive breast cancer | Tamoxifen |
| Ethylene glycol/methanol intoxication | Fomepizole (alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor) |
| Folate deficiency | Folate |
| Haemophilus influenzae (B) | Rifampin (prophylaxis) |
| Hemorrhagic cystitis | Mesna (Mesna is used therapeutically to reduce the incidence of hemorrhagic cystitis and hematuria when a patient receives ifosfamide or cyclophosphamide for cancer chemotherapy) |
| Heparin toxicity (acute) | Protamine sulfate |
| HER2/neu-positive breast cancer | Trastuzumab |
| Hyperaldosteronism | Spironolactone |
| Hypercholesterolemia | Statin (first-line) |
| Hypertriglyceridemia | Fibrate |
| Immediate anticoagulation | Heparin |
| Infertility | Leuprolide, GnRH (pulsatile) |
| Influenza | Amantadine/rimantadine |
| Legionella pneumophila | Erythromycin |
| Long-term anticoagulation | Warfarin |
| Malaria | Chloroquine/mefloquine (for blood schizont) Primaquine (for liver hypnozoite) |
| Malignant hyperthermia | Dantrolene |
| Medical abortion | Mifepristone |
| Migraine | Sumatriptan |
| MRSA | Vancomycin |
| Multiple sclerosis | β-interferon |
| Mycobacterium tuberculosis | RIPES - rifampin - isoniazid - pyrazinamide - ethambutol - streptomycin |
| Neisseria gonorrhoeae | Ceftriaxone (add doxycycline to cover likely concurrent Chlamydia) |
| Neisseria meningitidis | Penicillin/ceftriaxone, rifampin (prophylaxis) |
| Neural tube defect prevention | Folate |
| Osteomalacia/rickets | Vitamin D supplementation |
| Patent ductus arteriosus | Indomethacin |
| Pheochromocytoma | α-antagonists (phenoxybenzamine) |
| Pneumocystis jiroveci | TMP-SMX (prophylaxis in AIDS patient) |
| Prolactinoma | Bromocriptine (dopamine agonists) |
| Prostate cancer/uterine fibroids | Leuprolide, GnRH (continuous) |
| Prostate carcinoma | Flutamide |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | Antipseudomonal penicillin + aminoglycoside |
| Pulmonary hypertension | Bosentan |
| Rickettsia rickettsii | Tetracycline, chloramphenicol (especially in context of aplastic anemia) |
| Ringworm infections | Terbinafine, griseofulvin, imidazole |
| Schizophrenia (negative symptoms) | 5-HT2A antagonists (e.g., olanzapine) |
| Schizophrenia (positive symptoms) | D2 receptor antagonists |
| SIADH | Demeclocycline, lithium |
| Sickle cell anemia | Hydroxyurea (↑ HbF) |
| Sporothrix schenckii | Oral KI |
| Stable angina | Sublingual nitroglycerin |
| Staphylococcus aureus | Methicillin/naficillin |
| Streptococcus bovis | Penicillin prophylaxis |
| Streptococcus pneumoniae | Penicillin/cephalosporin (systemic infection, pneumonia) Vancomycin (meningitis) |
| Streptococcus pyogenes | Penicillin prophylaxis |
| Temporal arteritis | High-dose steroids |
| Tonic-clonic seizures | Phenytoin, valproate, carbamazepine |
| Toxoplasma gondii | Sulfonamide + pyrimethamine |
| Treponema pallidum | Penicillin |
| Trichomonas vaginalis | Metronidazole (patient and partner) |
| Ulcerative colitis | 5-ASA, infliximab |
| UTI prophylaxis | TMP-SMX |
| Warfarin toxicity | Fresh frozen plasma (acute) Vitamin K (chronic) |
| Wegener's granulomatosis | Cyclophosphamide, corticosteroids |
First Time Here?
Welcome to Quizlet, a fun, free place to study. Try these flashcards, find others to study, or make your own.