AP US: Colonial Society in the Eighteenth Century
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21 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Crevecoueur | Frenchman who commented that the American is a new man who acted upon new principles than those of Europe |
| immigrants | came from Europe because to escape religious persecution, seek economic opportunities, or just basic freedom |
| English cultural domination | great majority of population were English. |
| self-government | government of each colony had a representative assembly that was elected by eligible voters |
| religious toleration | all the colonies permitted the practice of different religions, but with varying degrees of freedom |
| hereditary aristocracy | there were no social extremes of Europe. A narrower class system, based on economics was developing at the time. |
| social mobility | everybody in colonial society had an opportunity to improve their standard of living and social status by hard work |
| subsistence farming | making just enough food to support the family due to rocky soils and long winters |
| established church | churches supported by government taxes |
| Great Awakening | a movement in the 1730s characterized by fervent expressions of religious feeling among the masses. |
| Jonathan Edwards | initiated the Great Awakening with a series of sermons that argued God was rightfully angry with human sinfulness. |
| George Whitefield | ignited the Great Awakening with his rousing sermons on the hellish torments of the damned. he had more of an influence than Edwards |
| Georgian style | architecture of London that was being used in the 1740s for colonies |
| Poor Richard's Almanack | the witty aphorisms and advice of Franklin that were collected in a single volume |
| sectarian | colleges that existed to promote the doctrines of a particular religious sect |
| John Peter Zenger | while the New York jury did not exactly promote freedom of the press, it encouraged newspapers to take greater risks in criticizing a colony's government. |
| Andrew Hamilton | supported Zenger who printed truthful libel against New York's royal governor |
| colonial governors | the 13 colonies had similar systems of government by 1750, with a governor acing as chief executive |
| colonial legislature | voted to adopt or reject the governor's proposed laws |
| town meetings | the dominant form of local government, in which the people of the town would regularly come together often in a church to vote directly on public issues. |
| limited democracy | many people were barred from voting-white women, poor white men, slaves, and most free blacks . However some barriers were starting to be removed such as the religious. Furthermore, the common colonists tended to defer to their "betters" and to depend upon the privileged few to make decisions for them. |
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