U2 Concepts of Aging, Fluid Balance, Spiritual Care
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Created by:
michelleannedennis on March 22, 2012
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38 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 What is Ageism? | Discrimination based solely on age |
| What is Gerontological nursing? | The study of aging and older adults. Involves advocating for the health of older adults. |
| What does the "wear and tear" theory of aging say? | Our vital parts start to wear out. Humans are like automobiles. The faster an organism lives, the quicker it dies. Cells wear out due to internal and external stress. |
| What is Sarcopenia? | Decrease in muscle fibers |
| What does the Endocrine theory say about aging? | Events occurring in the hypothalamus and pituitary are responsible for changes in hormone production and response that result in the organism's decline. |
| What does the Free-radical theory say about aging? | Unstable groups of atoms result from the oxidation of organic materials such as carbohydrates and proteins. These radicals cause changes in the cells and they cannot regenerate themselves. |
| What does the Genetic theory say about aging? | The organism is programmed for a certain number of cell divisions and then death is inevitable. |
| What does the Cross-linking theory say about aging? | Irreversible aging of proteins such as collagen is responsible for the ultimate failure of tissues and organs. As cells age chemical reactions create cross-linkages between proteins and these bonds cause loss of elasticity and stiffness. |
| What does the Immunologic theory say about aging? | The immune system decreases in function as we age and produces more autoimmune responses. |
| What is Erikson's stage for Young Adults? | Intimacy vs. Isolation |
| What is the leading cause of death for young adults? | Motor vehicle accidents |
| What is Erikson's stage for middle adults? | Generativity vs. self-absorption |
| What is crystallized intelligence? | Things that an adult knows well about one subject. |
| What is Erikson's stage for Older Adults? | Integrity vs. Despair |
| What is the difference between Delirium and Dementia? | Delirium is more short term, Dementia is slow moving but long term |
| What causes "age spots" ? | Clustering of melanocytes |
| What is Presbyopia? | The inability to focus vision due to loss of flexibility of the lens. Causes decreased near vision. |
| What is presbycusis? | Loss of hearing ability related to aging |
| How many liters of water are in our body total? | 40L |
| What percent of our weight is water? | 60% |
| How many thirds of water is in the ICF? | 2/3 |
| How many thirds of water is in the ECF? | 1/3 |
| List the four ways that water moves across membranes? | 1) Diffusion 2) Osmosis 3) Active Transport 4) Filtration |
| Explain osmosis | Water moves from lower concentration of solutes to higher concentration of solutes. |
| Explain Diffusion | Movement of particles from high concentration to low concentration |
| Explain Filtration | Fluid and solutes move together across a membrane from an area of higher pressure to an area of lower pressure. Ex: fluid and nutrients moving from capillaries of arterioles to the interstitial fluid. |
| Explain Active Transport | Using energy (ATP) to move solutes across cell membranes from less concentration to more concentration. |
| What is insensible loss? | Evaporation of water through surface of skin or through breath. |
| What role does ADH have in regulating body fluids? | It prevents kidneys from spilling off water. |
| What does the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system do in regulating body fluids? | Increases blood volume through sodium and water retention. |
| What is Acidosis and Alkalosis? | Acidosis = acidic = less than 7.35 (Respiratory problems) Alkalosis = basic = more than 7.45 (kidney malfunction) |
| Which gender is more at risk for body fluid imbalances? | Women |
| How do you evaluate Edema? | Press toward a boney prominence How far you have to press to reach the bone = amount of Edema. |
| What is Pitting Edema? | When the skin doesn't bounce back up immediately. |
| When the blood pressure drops, the pulse goes ____ | Up |
| What does "Tenting of skin turgor" mean? | The skin is dry and stands up due to dehydration |
| What is transcendence? | The capacity to reach out beyond yourself |
| What does "full presencing" mean? | Being present physically, mentally, and emotionally. |
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