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Five classes Fungi, algae, protozoans, slime molds Algae class includes Water molds Slime and water molds are not Actually fungi Algae: Domain and Kingdom Eukarya, Protista Algae are Unicellular or multicellular Most algae are photoautotrophs, except Water molds Oomycota "Water molds" Closest relative of oomycota Algae Oomycota cell walls Made of cellulose Oomycota are ______cellular Multi To get energy, oomycota are Chemoheterotrophs Many oomycota are Decomposers Two important parasitic forms of oomycota Irish potato blight, "sudden oak death in California" Diatoms Type of alga with pectin and silica cell walls Formation of diatom cell wall "Petri dish" Like other algae, diatoms are Photosynthetic Color of diatoms Yellow/brown color Green algae cell walls Made of cellulose Green algae can be Unicellular or multicellular Two ways green algae are similar to plants Pigments and carbohydrate storage compounds are similar Closest relatives of land plants Green algae Red algae cell walls Made of cellulose Most red algae are Multicellular and abundant in deeper ocean waters Two substances red algae are harvested for Agar and carrageenan (food additive) Red pigment of red algae allows Absorption of blue light "_ _ _ _" (another name for brown algae) Kelp All brown algae are Multicellular Brown algae grow Abundantly and quickly in "kelp forests" "Kelp forest" Cold costal waters, near the surface Brown algae are harvested for Algin Algin Similar to carageenan, has many uses Dinoflagellates Unicellular alga Many dinoflagellates are Photosynthetic Some dinoflagellates are Mutalists with marine animals (e.g. corals) Some dinoflagellates produce Neurotoxins that cause paralytic shellfish poisoning and red tides Protozoa: Domain, Kingdom Eukarya, Protista Three characteristics of protozoa Unicellular, lack cell walls, many are motile How are protozoa chemoheterotrophs? They engulph bacteria and particulate nutrients (animal-like nutrition). A few species of protozoa have: Big health or economic impacts Two important protozoan phyla Ciliophora (Ciliates), Euglenozoa How do ciliates move? By cilia (short flagella) Ciliophora have a ________ cell structure. Complex What is the only human parasite that is a ciliate? Balantidium coli (causes severe diarrhea) Key genus of the ciliates Paramecium Three characteristics of the Phylum Euglenozoa Move by flagella, some are pathogens, some are facultative photoautotrophs Trypanosoma Pathogenic example of the Phylum Euglenozoa → causes African sleeping sickness African sleeping sickness is transmitted by Tsetse flies Key genera of Phylum Euglenozoa Euglenia (facultative photoautotrophs) Two examples of disease-causing protozoans Giardia lamblia, amoebas Giardia lamblia AKA intestinalis, causes severe diarrhea How is Giardia lamblia caught? Via contaminated water Two characteristics of amoebas Move by extending pseudopods, many aren't pathogenic, ~10% of humans have Entamoeba histolytica, which can cause dysentery/diarrhea Slime molds: Domain, Kingdom Eukarya, Protista Two types of slime molds Cellular and plasmodial Cellular slime molds Aggregations of individual amoeba-like cells that ingest bacteria Plasmodial slime molds Composed of multiple nuclei in a single large cell (called a plasmodium) How do cellular slime molds reproduce? Asexually See Figures 12.22, 12.23 (1/2) Shows reproduction of slime molds Fuligo septica "Dog vomit slime mold"; common in woodchips