Plant Leaves/Tissue (M) flash cards

Set: Plant Leaves/Tissue (M)

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All 33 terms

Term	Definition
blade, petiole	Leaves generally consist of a flattened --- and a stalk, the ---, which joins the leaf to a node of the stem.
monocots, sheath	Grasses and many other--- lack petioles; instead, the base of the leaf forms a --- that envelops the stem.
monocots	Some ---, including palm trees, do have petioles.
simple	A --- leaf has a single, undivided blade.
compound	The blade of a --- leaf is divided into several leaflets.
doubly	The blade of a compound leaf is divided into several leaflets, which are themselves divided in a --- compound leaf.
epidermis	The dermal tissues, or ---, is generally a single layer of tightly packed cells that covers and protects all young parts of the plant.
epidermal	The root hairs so important in the absorption of water and minerals are extensions of --- cells near the tips of roots.
cuticle	The epidermis of leaves and most stems secretes a waxy coating called the --- that helps the aerial parts of the plant retain water.
Vascular	--- tissue, continuous throughout the plant, is involved in the transport of materials between the roots and shoots.
vascular, nonphotosynthetic	The two types of --- tissue are xylem, which conveys water and dissolved minerals upward from roots into the shoots, and phloem, which transports food made in mature leaves to the roots and to --- parts of the shoot system, such as developing leaves and fruits.
tracheids, elements	The water-conducting elements of xylem, the --- and vessel ---, are elongated cells that are dead at functional maturity.
tracheid	When the living interior of a --- or vessel element disintegrates, the cell's thickened cell walls remain behind, forming a nonliving conduit through which water can flow.
ground	The --- tissue system, responsible for most of the plant's metabolic functions, is located between the dermal tissue and the vascular tissue in each organ.
pits	Tracheids are spindle-shaped cells with --- through which water flows from cell to cell.
tubes	Vessel elements are linked together end to end, forming long ---, or xylem vessels.
pits	The secondary walls of tracheids and vessels are interrupted only by ---, thinner regions where only primary walls are present.
tapered	Tracheids are long, thin cells with --- ends.
pits	(Tracheids and Vessel Elements) Water moves from cell to cell mainly through the ---, where the water does not have to cross thick secondary walls.
lignin	Because their secondary walls are hardened with ---, tracheids function in support as well as water transport.
vessel elements	--- --- are generally wider, shorter, thinner walled, and less tapered than tracheids.
xylem	Vessel elements are aligned end to end, forming long micropipes, the --- vessels.
xylem	The end walls of vessel elements are perforated, enabling water to flow freely through --- vessels.
sieve	In the phloem, sucrose, other organic compounds, and some mineral ions are transported through tubes formed by chains of cells called --- -tube members.
alive	Sieve-tube members are --- at functional maturity, although they lack such organelles as the nucleus, ribosomes, and a distinct vacoule.
sieve plates	In angiosperms, the end walls between sieve-tube members, called --- ---, have pores that presumably facilitate the flow of fluid from cell to cell along the sieve tube.
companion	Alongside each sieve tube member is a nonconducting cell called a --- cell, which is connected to the sieve-tube member by numerous channels, the plasmodesmata.
nucleus, ribosomes	The nucleus and ribosomes of the companion cell may serve not only that cell but also the adjacent sieve-tube member, which has no --- or ---- of its own.
sieve	In some plants, companion cells in leaves help load sugar produced in the leaf into the --- - tube members.
Ground	--- tissue is tissue that is neither dermal nor vascular.
pith, cortex	In dicot stems, ground tissue is divided into ---, internal to the vascular tissue, and ---, external to the vascular tissue.
ground	Among the diverse functions of --- tissue are photosynthesis, storage, and support.
sieve-tube	--- - --- members transport a sugar-rich sap from areas of sugar production (such as leaves) to areas of sugar consumption (such as growing root and shoot tips).