A.P. European History Vocab Unit 10
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24 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Cold War | This period of time following World War II is where the United States and the Soviet Union emerged as superpowers and faced off in an arms race that lasted nearly 50 years. |
| United Nations | International organization founded in 1945 to promote world peace and cooperation. It replaced the League of Nations. |
| Iron Curtain | a political barrier that isolated the peoples of Eastern Europe after WWII, restricting their ability to travel outside the region |
| Truman Doctrine | President Truman's policy of providing economic and military aid to any country threatened by communism or totalitarian ideology |
| Containment | a policy of creating strategic alliances in order to check the expansion of a hostile power or ideology or to force it to negotiate peacefully |
| National Security Act of 1947 | Passed in 1947 in response to perceived threats from the Soviet Union after WWII. It established the Department of Defense and the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) and National Security Council. |
| Marshall Plan | a United States program of economic aid for the reconstruction of Europe (1948-1952) |
| Yalta Conference | A conference between Stalin, Churchill and FDR where they dicussed the fate of Germany and the post World War Europe. |
| Berlin Airlift | airlift in 1948 that supplied food and fuel to citizens of west Berlin when the Russians closed off land access to Berlin |
| NATO | North Atlantic Treaty Organization; an alliance made to defend one another if they were attacked by any other country; US, England, France, Canada, Western European countries |
| Warsaw Pact | An alliance between the Soviet Union and other Eastern European nations. This was in response to the NATO |
| Communist Revolution in China | a revolution led by Mao Zedong and the Red Guards whose focus was to establish a society in which all people were equal, also called the Cultural Revolution |
| Inchon Landing | The landing of UN troops, by General Douglas MacArthur, behind enemy lines at Inchon in Korea. In order to push back the North Korean troops. |
| Korean War | The conflict between Communist North Korea and Non-Communist South Korea. The United Nations (led by the United States) helped South Korea. |
| John Foster Dulles | United States diplomat who (as Secretary of State) pursued a policy of opposition to the USSR by providing aid to American allies (1888-1959) |
| Peaceful Co-existence | Eisenhower, Khrushchev, summit meeting in Geneva, change in attitude by both sides, short lived |
| Nikita Khrushchev | The leader of the Soviet Union following Stalin ruling from 1953-1964. He created the Cuban Missile Crisis, and favored a peaceful co-existence with the west. |
| Sputnik 1 | The first artificial satellite which was launched by the Soviet Union in 1957 |
| ICBMs | Inter Continental Ballistic Missile. They have the power to shoot a missile from one country to another. This makes it easier to attack a country without getting to close to them. |
| Eisenhower Doctrine | It pledged US military and economic aid to Middle Eastern nations threatened by Communist aggression |
| Fidel Castro | Cuban revolutionary leader who overthrew the corrupt regime of the dictator Fulgencio Batista in 1959 and soon after established a Communist state. |
| Bay of Pigs Invasion | failed invasion of Cuba in 1961 when a force of 1,200 Cuban exiles, backed by the United States, landed at the Bay of Pigs. |
| Berlin Wall | a wall separating East and West Berlin built by East Germany in 1961 to keep citizens from escaping to the West |
| Cuban Missile Crisis | Brink-of-war confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union over the latter's placement of nuclear-armed missiles in Cuba. |
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