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villanelle an intricate verse form of French origin consisting of several three line stanzas and a concluding four line stanza. The first and third lines of the first stanza are used as refrains in succeeding stanza and as last two lines of concluding stanza. Only twy thymes are allowed in a villanelle refrain a word, phrase, line or group of lines repeated regularly in a poem, usually at the end of each stanza. dramatic monologue a kind of narrative poem in which one character speaks to one or morelisteners whose replies are not given in teh poem. The occasion is usually a crucial one in the speaker's life. syntax sentence structure diction word choice victorian poetry: -religious doubt -social change -reforms for the poor victorian poetry Cont -middle class value -moral instruction -inspirational historical locations such as Greece -great diversity of ideas and beliefs