Genetics: The Science of Heredity
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Created by:
amandarberger19 on March 26, 2012
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21 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 heredity | the passing of physical appearances from parents to offspring |
| trait | one of the characteristics formed |
| genetics | the scientific study of hereditary |
| fertilization | the process when an egg and sperm come together |
| cross pollination | Mendel developed this method which removes pollen from one plant then brushes it on to another |
| purebred | organism is the offspring of many generations of the same trait |
| gene | the factor that controls a trait |
| alleles | different forms of genes |
| dominant allele | the one whose trait shows up in the organism when the allele is present |
| reccesive allele | the one that is hidden whenever the dominant allele is present |
| hybird | an organism with two different alleles for a trait |
| probability | a number that describes how lilkey an even will occur/not occur |
| punnett square | all of the possible combonations of alleles that can result from a genetic cross |
| phenotype | physicall apperances, visual traits |
| genotyoe | genetic makeup, allele combonations |
| homozygous | if an organism has to identical alleles for a trait |
| heterozygous | an organism that has two alleles for a trait |
| codominance | an inheritance where neither of the alleles are dominant nor reccesive, both of the alleles are expressed in the offspring |
| meiosis | the process by which the number of chromosomes is reduced to half of the originall number to form sex cells-sperm and egg |
| transfer RNA | carries amino acids to the ribosomes and adds them to growing protein |
| messenger RNA | copies the DNA three letter code, and carries it from the nucleus to the cytoplasm |
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