Women's Health Drugs
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60 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Three major endogenous estrogens | Estradiol (principal & most active) Estrone Estriol |
| Estrogens | -Synthesized from cholesterol -structure of a steroid (mess with BS control.) |
| Estrogens are Responsible for | Development & maintenance of the female reproductive system Development of female secondary sex characteristics |
| Estrogens: Contraindications | Any estrogen-dependent cancer Undiagnosed abnormal vaginal bleeding Pregnancy Active thromboembolic disorder or history --(estrogren have a roll in form of thrombo) |
| Estrogens: Adverse Effects | Thrombolytic events—most serious chloasma (brownish discoloration of the skin, prego) |
| Progestins | Synthetic derivatives of progesterone - medroxyprogesterone (Provera) |
| Progestins: Indications | -Treatment of functional uterine bleeding -Prevention of threatened miscarriage - Alleviation of PMS symptoms -primary & secondary amenorrhea |
| megestrol (Megace) | -therapy for treatment of breast & endometrial cancers -Management of anorexia, cachexia -stimulate appetite & promote weight gain |
| Progestins: Adverse Effects | -Liver dysfunction—cholestatic jaundice -Thrombophlebitis |
| Contraceptive Drugs | Medications used to prevent pregnancy |
| Oral medications | Most contain estrogen-progestin combinations ( balancing factor) |
| Contraceptive Drugs: Mechanism of Action | -inhibiting the release of gonadotropins Decreased sperm -movement & fertilization of the ovum |
| Contraceptive's Also | Improve menstrual cycle regularity Decrease blood loss during menstruation Decrease incidence of functional ovarian cysts & ectopic pregnancies (pregnancy in the wrong place, falopean tubes.) |
| Contraceptives are primarily used to | -prevent pregnancy -hypermenorrhea (too much vaginal bleeding) |
| Adverse effects | Hypertension Thromboembolism, possible PE, MI, stroke - this is why we like to use the balance form. |
| Antibiotics, barbiturates, isoniazid, rifampin ________________________ of contraceptives | Decrease effectiveness |
| Osteoporosis | Low bone mass, Increased risk of fractures , Primarily affects women , 20% with this condition are men |
| Osteoporosis: Risk Factors | Caucasian/Asian descent Slender body build Early estrogen deficiency Smoking Alcohol consumption Low-calcium diet Sedentary lifestyle |
| Bisphosphonates SERM | prevention & treatment of osteoporosis |
| Bisphosphonates | alendronate (Fosamax), ibandronate (Boniva), risedronate (Actonel), zoledronic acid (Reclast) -preventing bone loss |
| SERMs | -increase bone density -(Evista) |
| calcitonin (Calcimar) | Directly inhibits osteoclastic bone resorption - Nasal spray |
| teriparatide (Forteo) | -stimulates bone formation -Treatment for those with highest risk of fracture (prior history of fractures) |
| adverse effects of Bisphosphonates | -Headache, GI upset, joint pain -Risk of esophageal burns *Take it with a full glass of water and stay up right for 30 mins. |
| clomiphene (Clomid) | Fertility drugs, ovulation stimulant, Blocks estrogen receptors in the uterus & brain, resulting in a false signal of low estrogen levels |
| mentropins (Pergonal) chorionic gonadotropin alfa (Ovidrel) | Fertility drugs |
| Fertility Drugs: Adverse Effects | dizziness, Ovarian hyperstimulation, multiple pregnancies, blurred vision, breast pain |
| Uterine-Active Medications | Promote labor Prevent the start or progression of labor Postpartum use: reduce the risk of postpartum hemorrhage |
| Uterine Stimulants | oxytocics |
| Oxytocin (Pitocin)— | to enhance labor when contractions are weak & ineffective |
| Prostaglandins | Used to induce labor by softening the cervix & enhancing uterine muscle tone |
| Uterine Relaxants | Tocolytics |
| Tocolytics | Used to stop labor that begins before term to prevent premature birth Generally used after the 20th week of gestation --Try to buy 48 hrs to get Steroids baby's lungs more mature |
| terbutaline (Brethine) | relaxation of the uterus, thus stopping premature contractions |
| Estrogens & progestins Implications | Instruct patients to report weight gain |
| SERMs indications | Instruct patients that the medication will need to be discontinued 72 hours before & during any prolonged immobility (such as surgery or a long trip) |
| Men's Health Drugs | Androgens |
| Testosterone | normal development & maintenance of primary & secondary male sex characteristics Development of bone & muscle tissue Inhibition of protein catabolism (metabolic breakdown) |
| Oral forms have a high ______ effect | first-pass |
| Anabolic steroids | increasing tissue formation |
| 5-Alpha-Reductase Inhibitors | Used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) - Easier passage of urine treatment of male-pattern baldness (minoxidil) |
| doxazosin (Cardura) | symptomatic relief of obstruction caused by BPH -use to treat BPH & hypertension. |
| tamsulosin (Flomax) | symptomatic relief of obstruction caused by BPH -increases urinary flow - prego women should not touch it. |
| Gn-RH Analogs | Used to treat prostate cancer |
| Treat Erectile Dysfunction | sildenafil (Viagra) First oral drug for treatment of ED Relaxation of smooth muscle in the penis*** vardenafil (Levitra)* tadalafil (Cialis)* |
| Androgens cause ? | fluid retention |
| Do Not give Erectile dysfunction drugs to... | In men with **preexisting cardiovascular disease, especially those taking nitrates --Lower BP substantially* --May cause serious adverse effects* |
| Erectile dysfunction drugs may cause Priapism which is an | erection lasting 2 hrs or longer Unexplained visual loss |
| Transdermal Testoderm patches are applied to | the scrotal skin |
| Transdermal Androderm patches are applied to | the skin on the body, never to scrotal skin |
| SERM's for Rx for postmenopausal osteoporosis adverse effects | Thrombo embolism |
| Estrogen replacement therapy, pt should | report weight gain of more than 5 lb per week |
| Estrogen drugs is contraindicated in | Estrogen replacement therapy, pt should |
| Primary amernorrhea use what drug? | -Provera, to bring on someone's cycle |
| Adverse effects of fertility drug (clomid) | dizziness |
| Risk factor for osteoperroisis | -White or Asian race. |
| Why get a transdermal patch for testosterone therapy | high 1st pass effect if oral |
| Pt receiving proscar for BPH, possible effect of med | increased hair growth, prego women should not touch it |
| Androgenic steroids Adverse effect | renal failure |
| Viagra & nitrate for angina may cause | decrease in BP |
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