1.
3 R's: Relief, Recovery, Reform
2.
AAA: Agricultural Adjustment Act; made available many milliions of dollars to help farmers meet their mortgages.
3.
Adjusted Compensation Act: Gave every former soldier a paid up insurance policy due in 20 years.
4.
Adkins vs. Children's Hospital: Ruling was that because women now had the vote, they were equal to men and could no longer be protected by special legislation. Women were no longer protected in the workplace under the 19th amendment.
5.
Agricultural Marketing Act: Set up the federal farm board, which could lend money to farm organizations seeking to buy, sell, and store surpluses.
6.
Alfred E. Smith: democratic candidate in the election of 1928
7.
Black Tuesday: October 29, 1929, millions of stocks were sold in panic. By the end of 1929, stockholders had lost $40 billion; banks closed and jobs were lost.
8.
Blank Check Powers: Some laws it passed expressly delegated legislative authority to the chief executive. The reforms in the New Deal came from many progressive ideas. (unemployment insurance, restrictions on child labor, etc.)
9.
Breakdown of the 3 R's: 1st 2 years:Relief; Recovery and Reform:long term
10.
CCC: Civilian Conservation Corps; created by 100 days congress. This law provided employment in fresh air gov't camps for about 3 million young men.
11.
Coolidge vs. Harding: Coolidge was shy and gave boring speeches. He embodied great virtues unlike Harding. Coolidge tried to reduce taxes and debts.
12.
Coughlin: A catholic priest in michigan who began broadcasting in 1930.
13.
Daugherty Scandal: illegal sale of pardons and liquor permits. Was investigated by senate.
14.
Dawes Plan of 1924: Rescheduled German reparations payments and opened the way for further American private loans to Germany. United States bankers loaned money to Germany, Germany paid reparations to France and Britain, and the Allies paid war debts to the United States.
15.
Dealing with Veterans: Congress created the veteran's bureau, authorized to operate hospitals and rehabilitation. Former soldiers demanded adjusted compensation for the wages they lost while in the war which lead to the adjusted compensation act.
16.
Debts owed to the USA for WWI: Because of these debts, the Dawes plan of 1924 stemmed out.
17.
Disarment Conference: Invitations went to naval powers (major)- Stemmed from worried Americans. Secretary Hughes laid out a plan for declaring a ten-year hiatus on construction of battleships and even for scrapping some of the huge ships already built. He proposed that the scaled-down navies of America and Britain should have the same number of battleships and aircraft carriers; the ratio being 5:5:3 (Japan's navy would be smaller than America's and Britain's)
18.
Dust Bowl: Drought stuck the trans-Mississippi Great plains. The dust bowl was partially caused by the cultivation of countless acres, dry farming techniques, and mechanization.
19.
Election of 1924: Davis was the democratic candidate, Coolidge was the republican candidate, La Follette was the progressive party candidate. Coolidge won.
20.
Election of 1928: Hoover was the rep. cand., Smith was the dem. cand. Hoover won. Small town boy, went to Stanford, views on individualism, free enterprise, and small government. The radio was especially helpful in this campaign.
21.
Emergency Banking Relief Act of 1933: invested the president with power to regulate banking transactions and foreign exchange and to reopen solvent banks. "fireside chats"
22.
Farmer's problems: Machines increased the efficiency of crop production which then led to big surpluses which equaled decreasing prices.
23.
FDIC: Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
24.
FDR: A president that overcame adversity (wheelchair); Eleanor was his wife; Roosevelt promised balance budget and put down Hooverian deficits, New Deal for the "forgotten man"
25.
Federal Emergency Relief Administration: FERA: Result of the FERAct; Harry Hopkins, granted 3billion dollars to states for direct dole payments or wages for work projects. CWA is a branch of FERA.
26.
First Hundred Days Congress: Democratic Congress and members cranked out a basketful of remedial legislation
27.
Five Power Naval Treaty: Stated that the British and Americans would refrain from fortifying their far eastern possessions.
28.
Forbes Scandal: Charles Forbes was caught stealing 200 million from the government in connection with building a veterans hospital.
29.
Four Power treaty: Between Britain, Japan, France, and the US. They agreed to preserve the status quo in the pacific.
30.
Glass-Steagall Banking Reform Act: provided for the federal deposit insurance corporation, which insured individual deposits up to $5,000(later raised) Public began to rely on banks.
31.
Harding's approach on government: Laissez-faire (Hands off approach on government) Business could expand without having to worry about antitrust laws.
32.
Hawley-Smoot Tariff of 1930: It raised the tariff to 60 percent and deepend the depression.
33.
Hoover: Small town boy who went to Stanford;republican;small government, individualism, and free enterprise
34.
Hoover's beliefs: Believed in welfare for people; opposed socialistic bills
35.
Kellogg-Briand Pact: Came from the American call of "outlaw of war". Sec of state, Kellogg, met with the French foreign minister and they signed this pact also known as the pact of paris. This stated that defensive wars would be permitted.
36.
Long: "Share our wealth" program, which promised to make "every man a king" He was assassinated.
37.
Main cause of the depression: overproduction
38.
Mississippi Valley Drought: Farms were sold because of the drought
39.
NRA: National Recovery Administration; assisted in labor, industry, and unemployment; lower work hours, more people hired. minimum wage was established, collapsed in 1935 with the supreme court's schechter decision.
40.
Ohio Gang: Hughes, Mellon, Fall, and Daugherty. Hughes and Mellon were two great minds, while Fall and Daugherty were corrupt.
41.
Scandal of Harding: included the Forbes scandal, Teapot dome scandal, and Daugherty scandal
42.
Teapot Dome Scandal: Fall convinced the secretary of the navy to transfer valuable properties to the interior department. He leased lands to the oilmen, but not until he got a bribe. (Polluted the government because Harding secretly signed the agreement)
43.
Townsend: a retired physician whose savings had recently been wiped out; proposed a plan (60 year olds and older got 200 dollars a month as long as it was used in the same month.
44.
Warren G. Harding: He was like Grant in the fact that he couldn't detect slyness of his associates. He didn't like to hurt people's feelings. His "boys" were Hughes, Mellon, Fall, and Daugherty.
