Gas Laws
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Created by:
cynitajones on March 27, 2012
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22 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Diffusion | process by which molecules tend to move from an area where they are more concentrated to an area where they are less concentrated |
| Effusion | flow under pressure |
| elastic collision | a collision in which there is no net loss of total kinetic energy |
| fluid | a continuous amorphous substance that tends to flow and to conform to the outline of its container: a liquid or a gas |
| ideal gas | a hypothetical gas with molecules of negligible size that exert no intermolecular forces |
| kinetic-molecular theory | the theory that all matter is composed of particles (atoms and molecules) moving constantly in random directions |
| real gas | a gas that does not behave completely according to the assumptions of the kinetic-molecular theory |
| atmosphere of pressure | the pressure of Earth's atmosphere at sea level; exactly equivalent to 760 mm Hg |
| barometer | an instrument that measures atmospheric pressure |
| millimeter of mercury | A unit of pressure; it is the pressure needed to support a column of mercury one millimeter high |
| newton | the SI unit of force |
| pascal | a unit of pressure equal to one newton per square meter |
| pressure | the force applied to a unit area of surface |
| STP | 0 degrees C and 1 atm |
| absolute zero | (cryogenics) the lowest temperature theoretically attainable (at which the kinetic energy of atoms and molecules is minimal) |
| Boyle's Law | The relationship between the pressure and volume of a gas at constant temperture; when volume increase, pressure decreases., P1V1=P2V2 |
| Charles's Law | the volume of a fixed mass of gas is directly proportional to its Kelvin temperature if the pressure is kept constant |
| combined gas law | the relationship between the pressure, volume, and temperature of a fixed amount of gas, P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2 |
| Dalton's law of partial pressures | states that the total pressure of a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the pressures of all the gases in the mixture |
| gas laws | the laws that state the mathematical relationships between the volume, temperature, pressure, and quantity of a gas |
| Gay-Lussac's law | the law that states that the pressure of a gas at a constant volume is directly proportional to the absolute temperature, P1/T1=P2/T2 |
| partial pressure | the pressure of each gas in a mixture |
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