7-3.5 Inventions and Technology in the "Machine Age"
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30 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 John Kay | invented the flying shuttle to speed up the weaving process |
| James Hargreaves | invented the spinning jenny to enable spinners to spin cotton into thread very quickly |
| Richard Arkwright | invented the water frame that used water to power spinning machines |
| James Watt | invented the steam engine that replaced waterpower with steam power |
| Edmund Cartwright | invented the power loom that wove thread into cloth as fast as the new spinning machines produced it |
| Eli Whitney | invented the cotton gin that cleaned cotton 50 times faster than a person could |
| Henry Cort | developed the process called puddling that used coke to burn away impurities in iron ore |
| William Kelly | worked with Henry Bessemer to work on ways to turn iron into steel |
| Henry Bessemer | worked with William Kelly to work on ways to turn iron into steel |
| Robert Fulton | designed the first practical steamboat |
| Samuel Morse | used electricity to invent the telegraph |
| Alexander Graham Bell | invented the telephone |
| Guglielmo Marconi | devised the wireless telegraph or radio |
| Thomas Edison | invented the electric light bulb |
| flying shuttle | sped up the weaving process, invented by John Kay |
| spinning jenny | enables spinners to spin cotton into thread very quickly, invented by James Hargreaves |
| cotton gin | cleaned cotton 50 times more quickly than a person could |
| puddling | developed by Henry Cort, process that used coke to burn away impurities in iron ore |
| patent | the exclusive ownership of an invention |
| open-hearth process | a method that used a special furnace to make many kinds of steel |
| steam engine | allowed factories to be built almost anywhere, replaced waterpower with steam power, invented by James Watt |
| mass production | the manufacture of huge quantities of identical goods at cheap prices |
| interchangeable parts | the use of machine made parts that are exactly alike |
| division of labor | occurs by assigning workers to specialized tasks as a product moves along a conveyor belt from worker to worker |
| assembly line | a product moves along a conveyor belt from worker to worker |
| What inventions switched from handmade to machine made textiles? | Flying shuttle, spinning jenny, water frame, power loom, and cotton gin. |
| How did new methods of producing iron and steel increase industrialization? | It caused the invention of the steam engine to allow factories to be built anywhere, and steel was very flexible and strong. |
| How did the ideas of interchangeable parts and division of labor contribute to the mass production of goods? | With more of one part, more workers and the assembly line, large amounts of goods could be produced faster and more efficiently. |
| How did the methods of powering machines change during the 1700s and 1800s? | From the 1700s to the 1800s, the powering machines improved by inventors and made production of goods faster and easier. |
| How did the changes in transportation affect business as well as daily life? | The changes in transportation made people move around easier, and goods move around easier and also faster. |
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