Ch. 10 Rubenstein - Agriculture
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Created by:
therosfitz on March 27, 2012
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15 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Agriculture | Deliberate modification of Earth's surface through cultivation of plants and rearing of animals to obtain sustenance or economic gain |
| Subsistence Agriculture | Production of food primarily for consumption by the farmer's family (mainly in LDCs) |
| Commercial Agriculture | Production of food primarily for sale (MDCs) |
| Shifting Cultivation | A form of subsistence agriculture in which people shift activity from one field to another; each field is used for crops for relatively few years and left fallow for a relatively long period. |
| Clustered Rural Settlement | Agricultural-based community in which a number of families live in close proximity to each other, with fields surrounding the collection of houses and farm buildings |
| Dispersed Rural Settlement | Characterized by farmers living on individual farms isolated from neighbors and other farmers (found in most of rural North America) |
| Subsistence Agriculture | High percentage of farmers, small farms, few machines, self-sustenance |
| Commercial Agriculture | Small percentage of farmers, large farms, many machines, grow to sell |
| 2% | Percentage of farmers in U.S. and Canada |
| Mixed Crop and Livestock | -integration of crops and livestock -use of crop rotation -crops grown primarily for consumption by animals |
| Dairy Farming | Near large urban areas because the product is perishable |
| Grain Farming | -located in regions that are too dry for mixed crop and livestock farming -grown primarily for consumption by humans |
| Livestock Ranching | -Commercial grazing of livestock over an extensive area -Semiarid or arid land that can't support crops |
| Commercial Gardening and Fruit Farming | -Predominant in Southeastern U.S. -called "truck farming" |
| Mediterranean Agriculture | -grapes and olives (wine and oil) -Moist, mild winters; dry, hot summers |
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