| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Indian Removal Act | law passed in 1830 that forced many Native American nations to move west of the Mississippi River |
| nullification | idea that a state has the right to nullify, or cancel a federal law that the state leaders consider to be unconstitutional |
| prejudice | an opinion formed without knowledge of the facts/an irrational suspicion or hostility toward a particular group, race, or religion |
| discrimination | unfair treatment of a person or group on the basis of prejudice |
| Nativism | a policy of favoring native-born individuals over foreign-born ones |
| Market Revolution | the major change in the U.S. economy produced by people's beginning to buy and sell good rather than make them for themselves |
| abolitionist | A person who works to end slavery |
| Slave Codes | laws that controlled lives of enslaved African Americans and denied them basic rights |
| Manifest Destiny | a belief shared by many Americans in the mid-1800s that the United States should expand across the continent to the Pacific Ocean |
| annex | To add new land to a country by taking control of it. |
| empresarios | entrepreneur/ deal makers who negotiated with the Mexican government to attract Americans to Mexican lands |
| Tejano | A person of Mexican heritage who considers Texas as home. |
| Forty-niner | In 1849, a person who went to California in search of gold |
| Gold Rush | a period from1848 to 1856 when thousands of people came to California in order to search for gold. |
| Gadsden Purchase | Agreement with Mexico that gave the US parts of present-day New Mexico and Arizona in exchange for $10 million. The acquisition of these territories all but completed the continental expansion envisioned by those who believed in Manifest Destiny. (4.2) |
| protective tariff | A tax on imported goods that raises the price of foreign products SO THAT people buy domestic (home) goods. |
| Depression | period when business activity slows, prices and wages fall, and unemployment rises |
| Mormon | another name for members of the Church of Jesus Christ and the Latter Day Saints - persecuted for their beliefs and moved West to the areas around present day Utah. |
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