| Term | Definition |
|---|
| theory of plate tectonics | idea that earth's crust is made up of moving plates |
| reverse fault | occurs where rocks push together until they force a section of rock upward |
| P-waves | travels in a a push and pull motion; fasting moving body wave |
| fault | break in the earth's surface along which rock can move |
| tsunami | giant ocean wave caused by earthquake, volcano or landslide near the ocean or under |
| Rayleigh waves | move along ground in a rolling motion, similiar to the way ocean waves roll |
| s-waves | moves in an up-and-down zigzag; slower than p waves |
| plate boundary | place where plates meet |
| Pangea | name for a single large land mass scientists used to believe in |
| land waves | love waves and Rayleigh waves |
| love waves | moves back and forth in a zigzag pattern; fasting moving land wave |
| seismologist | scientist who studies the movement of the earth |
| seismic wave | vibrations that flow from the focus of an earthquake |
| focus | beginning point of an earthquake; location from which energy waves are sent |
| strike-slip fault | occurs as rocks move horizontally past each other |
| normal fault | a section of rock may fall between separating rocks as the rocks move apart from each other |
| earthquake | an event that occurs when rocks along the plate boundaries shift suddenly and release their stored energy |
| 4 layers of the earth | crust, inner core, outer core, mantle |
| lithosphere | crust and upper crust of the earth's mantle |
| plate | a large pice of the earth's crust that floats on the melted rock of the earth's mantle |
| seismogram | records of movements |
| magnitude | amount of energy released from an earthquake |
| Richter scale | measures the magnitude or strength of the seismic wave of an earthquake |
| epicenter | point of the surface of the earth directly above the focus of an earthquake |
| seismograph | a machine used to detect, time and measure the movement of the earth |
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